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The sample's median age (12\u2009years) divided patients into younger and older groups. For two\u2010sided tests, a\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value of &lt;\u20090.05 was considered significant. A Bonferroni correction was applied to evaluate fungal species and mortality, where a\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value &lt;\u20090.0167 was considered significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A weighted total of 408 surgically treated AIFS patients were identified (median age 12\u2009years). The most common immunocompromised comorbidities were neoplasms (75.7%) and hematologic disorders (71.2%). The most common fungal species were \u201cother unspecified mycoses\u201d as defined by ICD codes (53.8%) then mucormycoses (35%). The overall mortality rate was 16.1%. The only immunocompromised comorbidity associated with increased mortality was immunodeficiency disorders (25.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.023). Demographics associated with increased mortality were being male (12.3% vs. 3.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), but not older age (56.1% vs. 43.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.588). Patients with aspergillosis infections had increased mortality (26.2%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), but not other fungal species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the largest national sample of paediatric AIFS patients, the overall mortality rate was 16.1%. Negative prognostic indicators included male sex, immunodeficiency disorder, and aspergillosis infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T12:30:43Z","timestamp":1743251443000},"page":"728-732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Paediatric Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis Outcomes Over a 13\u2010Year Period"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8962-5119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew James","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6221-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie\u2010Ange","family":"Munyemana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2036-7611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren","family":"Roland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23132"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23912"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2019.109734"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30310"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2608.191493"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)andKids' Inpatient Database (KID) \u201cAgency for Healthcare Research and Quality \u201d(2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000455919"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22962"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22896"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol\u20102015\u2010306945"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1995.01890100092016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23253"}],"container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/coa.14310","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T06:11:56Z","timestamp":1748844716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/coa.14310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/coa.14310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/coa.14310","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14310\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14310\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14310\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14310\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14310\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1749-4478","1749-4486"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-4478","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-4486","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}