{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:41:35Z","timestamp":1772160095252,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the long\u2010term effects of upper airway surgery on olfactory (orthonasal and retronasal) and gustatory functions in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). Sensory outcomes were compared between surgically treated patients and newly diagnosed OSAS patients who had not received surgery or Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapy. In addition, the influence of surgical technique on investigated parameters was analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective study included 49 patients aged 18\u201375\u2009years with OSAS, divided into a surgical group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200925) and a control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200924). The surgical group had undergone at least one of the following procedures more than 1\u2009year prior: anterior palatoplasty, expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty, lateral pharyngoplasty, tongue base coblation, or epiglottopexy. Orthonasal olfaction was assessed using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Centre (CCCRC) test; retronasal olfaction using a validated 20\u2010item powder\u2010based test; and gustatory function with taste strips for sweet, salty, sour, and bitter.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were no significant differences between the surgery and control groups in terms of age, apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index (AHI), retronasal olfactory scores, orthonasal threshold, identification, mean CCCRC scores, or gustatory scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.218, 0.912, 0.464, 0.111, 0.952, 0.423, and 0.738, respectively). In contrast, a strong and statistically significant correlation was found between retronasal and mean CCCRC scores (Spearman's\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.653,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upper airway surgery does not appear to adversely affect long\u2010term olfactory or gustatory function in OSAS patients. The high correlation between orthonasal and retronasal scores supports their combined use in sensory evaluation. These findings suggest that surgery is safe with regard to smell and taste perception.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.70055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:40:11Z","timestamp":1762130411000},"page":"269-274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long\u2010Term Outcomes of Orthonasal, Retronasal Olfactory and Gustatory Functions in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7483-2913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130rem Damla","family":"G\u00fcver \u00c7alapkulu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TC Saglik Bakanligi Ankara Sehir Hastanesi, Otorhinolaryngology  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9818-8010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zehra Betul","family":"Paksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TC Saglik Bakanligi Ankara Sehir Hastanesi, Otorhinolaryngology  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5180-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130brahim","family":"Sevim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TC Saglik Bakanligi Ankara Sehir Hastanesi, Otorhinolaryngology  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1244-7294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00fcleyman","family":"Boynue\u011fri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TC Saglik Bakanligi Ankara Sehir Hastanesi, Otorhinolaryngology  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"114","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine","author":"Rowley J. 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