{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T04:38:50Z","timestamp":1775450330890,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Head trauma is a major cause of chemosensory deficit, with olfactory loss occurring in approximately 22% of cases. Following head injury, olfactory and gustatory loss are often unassessed; patients are often unaware of the problem, thus presenting late to specialist clinics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the role of screening olfactory and gustatory testing in patients following head trauma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study, conducted at three secondary hospitals, included patients with head injury aged \u2265\u200918\u2009years, with capacity to consent within 30\u2009days of injury. Patients with previous head injury requiring admission or with pre\u2010existing olfactory\/gustatory loss were excluded. Participants underwent screening chemosensory assessment using Burghart Sniffin' Sticks and Taste Strips. If significant loss was identified, patients were referred to Smell &amp; Taste clinic to be seen within 3\u2009months of injury for extended testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 121 participants took part in the study (65 male, 56 female); 71% experienced olfactory dysfunction and 62% gustatory dysfunction post head injury. There was no statistically significant association between gender and olfactory\/gustatory dysfunction (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Older participants experienced a higher prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. Seven participants progressed to a follow\u2010up consultation in the Smell &amp; Taste Clinic, all of whom had persistent olfactory dysfunction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study highlights that a significant proportion of mild head injuries result in olfactory\/gustatory dysfunction, thus reinforcing the use of psychophysical testing in this patient cohort. Improvements should be made to ensure they receive suitable follow\u2010up in a Smell &amp; Taste clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.70090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:29:34Z","timestamp":1769732974000},"page":"458-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Prospective Cohort Study Investigating the Role of a Screening Smell and Taste Test in Patients Following Head Injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8809-5785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth Mairenn","family":"Garden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"Norfolk &amp; Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4513-7489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabija","family":"Klyvyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"Norfolk &amp; Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Espehana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"Norfolk &amp; Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust  Norwich UK"},{"name":"James Paget University Hospital NHS Trust  Great Yarmouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Luke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"James Paget University Hospital NHS Trust  Great Yarmouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amaya","family":"Sainz de la Maza Melon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"Norfolk &amp; Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tharsika","family":"Myuran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1125-3236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl","family":"Philpott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"James Paget University Hospital NHS Trust  Great Yarmouth UK"},{"name":"The Norfolk Smell &amp; Taste Clinic Norfolk &amp; Waveney ENT Service  Great Yarmouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin22.483"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjv057"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","first-page":"146","article-title":"Olfactory Dysfunction: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment","volume":"120","author":"Hummel T.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt International"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22929"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22186"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08529-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032911"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2018.1483028"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","first-page":"409","volume-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","author":"Schofield P. 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