{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T22:09:53Z","timestamp":1777414193171,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1044334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1044334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obesity worsens the age\u2010related tendency towards cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Older adults are vulnerable to medication adverse effects. Intentional weight loss in older adults with obesity has been shown to improve cardiovascular and glycaemic markers. The effect of rapid weight loss induced by very\u2010low\u2010calorie diets (VLCDs) on these markers has not been evaluated in this group. In this 12\u2010week study, participants were randomized to one of healthy eating, hypocaloric diet or VLCD, all combined with three times weekly exercise (Ex\/HE, Ex\/Diet, Ex\/VLCD, respectively). The effects of these interventions on weight, blood pressure, lipids, glucose and HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>, inflammatory markers and cardiovascular and diabetes medication changes were measured. Weight loss was 3.7%, 5.1% and 11.1% in Ex\/HE, Ex\/Diet and Ex\/VLCD, respectively. There were significant improvements in HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> in all groups, but by the greatest degree in Ex\/VLCD (0.18\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07%, 0.18\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06% and 0.59\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13%, respectively). Similar patterns were seen in total cholesterol (0.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.15, 0.21\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11 and 0.53\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13\u2009mmol\/L, respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.047), triglycerides (0.35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13, 0.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10 and 0.51\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09\u2009mmol\/L, respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011) and systolic blood pressure (9\u2009\u00b1\u20092, 2\u2009\u00b1\u20093 and 14\u2009\u00b1\u20093 mmHg respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.025). There were no between\u2010group differences in fasting glucose, high\u2010density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, LDL\u2010C and inflammatory markers. Reductions in anti\u2010hypertensive or diabetes medication were made in 4\/29, 7\/36 and 16\/37 participants in Ex\/HE, Ex\/Diet and Ex\/VLCD, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.017). Significant weight loss achieved with a VLCD gave rise to improvements in multiple cardiovascular risk markers, despite reduction in medication. Weight loss is an under\u2010utilized method of cardiovascular risk management in this group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T18:06:25Z","timestamp":1560794785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Obesity in older adults: Effect of degree of weight loss on cardiovascular markers and medications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8127-7014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cilla J.","family":"Haywood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Austin Health) University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Aged Care Austin Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Austin Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke A.","family":"Prendergast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics and Statistics LaTrobe University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ratana","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Lappas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen Kwang","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital) University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Aged Care Royal Melbourne Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Proietto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Austin Health) University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Austin Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e32835ada13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0064-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1994.10718406"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0180"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487312462823"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.6.1317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.277669"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01352.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03617"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2014.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hco.0000200416.65370.a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02982710"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1465"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12722"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-1942"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14286-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.7050"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"912","article-title":"Consensus for the use of fibrates in the treatment of dyslipoproteinemia and coronary heart disease. 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