{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:28:34Z","timestamp":1753878514216,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ms Fangupo is supported by a Clinical Training Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ms Fangupo is supported by a Clinical Training Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Prevention of Overweight in Infancy (POI) sleep intervention halved obesity risk at 2\u2009years of age. However, the intervention mechanisms are unclear. Consequently, the objective of the current work was to use exploratory analyses to investigate potential moderators and mediators of the sleep intervention on obesity outcomes at age 2\u2009years. Data were collected between 2009 and 2012. The effect of demographic and study design variables on body mass index<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score (BMI<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score) and obesity was compared in moderator subgroups at 2\u2009years of age (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0683, 85%). Mediating effects of child and parent\u2013household variables assessed whether the sleep intervention resulted in meaningful changes in the mediating variable (defined as changes which were statistically significant [<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05] or where the effect size was \u22650.15 SD), followed by assessing relationships with obesity outcomes. The sleep intervention appeared most effective in children in higher deprivation areas (effect on BMI<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score \u22120.25 [\u22120.53, 0.04], effect on obesity odds ratio [OR] 0.43 [0.16, 1.13]), and with mothers of non\u2010European, non\u2010M\u0101ori ethnicity (effect on BMI<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score \u22120.27 [\u22120.73, 0.20], effect on obesity OR 0.13 [95% confidence interval 0.01, 1.11]). This suggested moderation by deprivation and ethnicity. Aspects of sleep improved meaningfully in children after intervention but did not significantly relate to obesity outcomes, and other outcomes were not meaningfully affected by the sleep intervention. Thus, mediation was not indicated. Overall, the POI sleep intervention improved obesity outcomes at 2\u2009years, and the current work identified some potential moderators, but no mediators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T06:07:34Z","timestamp":1647497254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigating the moderators and mediators of an effective sleep intervention in the Prevention of Overweight in Infancy (POI) randomized controlled trial: Exploratory analyses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Louise","family":"Fangupo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6312-7795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jillian","family":"Haszard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Centre University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Galland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Louise","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dione","family":"Healey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Meredith\u2010Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Sayers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Otago Polytechnic Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burt","family":"Hatch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"ISN Innovations, Institute for Social Neuroscience Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9516-2253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachael","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Levels and Trends in Child Malnutrition: Key Findings of the 2020 Edition of the Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates","year":"2020","author":"United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organisation, and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00140-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2008.00475.x"},{"volume-title":"Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. 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