{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T22:20:52Z","timestamp":1789078852721,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]],"date-time":"2019-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558310400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":292,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000153","name":"Division of Biological Infrastructure","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RCN\u2010UBE 0955344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCN\u2010UBE 0955344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000153","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Conservation Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Landscape\u2010scale alterations that accompany urbanization may negatively affect the population structure of wildlife species such as freshwater turtles. Changes to nesting sites and higher mortality rates due to vehicular collisions and increased predator populations may particularly affect immature turtles and mature female turtles. We hypothesized that the proportions of adult female and immature turtles in a population will negatively correlate with landscape urbanization. As a collaborative effort of the Ecological Research as Education Network (EREN), we sampled freshwater turtle populations in 11 states across the central and eastern United States. Contrary to expectations, we found a significant positive relationship between proportions of mature female painted turtles (\n                    <jats:roman>Chrysemys picta<\/jats:roman>\n                    ) and urbanization. We did not detect a relationship between urbanization and proportions of immature turtles. Urbanization may alter the thermal environment of nesting sites such that more females are produced as urbanization increases. Our approach of creating a collaborative network of scientists and students at undergraduate institutions proved valuable in terms of testing our hypothesis over a large spatial scale while also allowing students to gain hands\u2010on experience in conservation science.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.13136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,20]],"date-time":"2018-05-20T23:25:00Z","timestamp":1526858700000},"page":"1150-1161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effects of urbanization on the population structure of freshwater turtles across the United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2246-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Bowne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Elizabethtown College  One Alpha Drive Elizabethtown PA 17022 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6740-3133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bradley J.","family":"Cosentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Hobart and William Smith Colleges  113 Eaton Hall Geneva NY 14456 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurel J.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany &amp; Microbiology Ohio Wesleyan University  61 S. Sandusky Street Delaware OH 43015 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Bridgewater State University  131 Summer Street Bridgewater MA 02325 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology High Point University, One University Parkway  High Point NC 27268 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick W.","family":"Crumrine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geography, Planning, and Sustainability, and Biological Sciences Rowan University  201 Mullica Hill Road Glassboro NJ 08090 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Dallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geological, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Rider University  2083 Lawrenceville Road Lawrenceville NJ 08648 U.S.A."},{"name":"Current address: Department of Biology Shippensburg University  1871 Old Main Drive Shippensburg PA 17257 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Doran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Elizabethtown College  One Alpha Drive Elizabethtown PA 17022 U.S.A."},{"name":"Current address: Management Systems &amp; Compliance Support Environmental Resources Management  75 Valley Stream Parkway, Suite 200 Malvern PA 19355 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerald J.","family":"Dosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department Macalester College  1600 Grand Avenue Saint Paul MN 55105 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Druckenbrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geological, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Rider University  2083 Lawrenceville Road Lawrenceville NJ 08648 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Durtsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Northern Kentucky University  148 Science Center, Nunn Drive Highland Heights KY 41099 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Garneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Earth and Environmental Science State University of New York  Plattsburgh, 101 Broad Street Plattsburgh NY 12901 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen S.","family":"Genet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Anoka\u2010Ramsey Community College  11200 Mississippi Boulevard NW Coon Rapids MN 55433 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd S.","family":"Fredericksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ferrum College  P.O. Box 100 Ferrum VA 24088 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Kish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology, Moravian Academy  4313 Green Pond Road Bethlehem PA 18017 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Beth","family":"Kolozsvary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Studies and Sciences Siena College  515 Loudon Road Loudonville NY 12211 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank T.","family":"Kuserk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Moravian College  1200 Main Street Bethlehem PA 18018 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin S.","family":"Lindquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Meredith College  3800 Hillsborough Street Raleigh NC 27607 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Mankiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Beloit College  700 College Street Beloit WI 53511 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James G.","family":"March","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department Washington &amp; Jefferson College  60 S. 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