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Despite a near\u2010complete ban on the export of Australian wildlife, smuggling and subsequent international trade frequently occur in an unregulated and unmonitored manner. In 2022, Australia listed over 100 squamates in Appendix III of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) to better monitor this trade. We investigated current trade and assessed the value of this Australian CITES listing using web\u2010scraping methods to monitor the online pet trade in Australian reptiles and amphibians, with additional data from published papers, trade databases, and seizure records. Despite the export ban, we identified 170 endemic herpetofauna (reptile and amphibian) species in international trade, 33 of which were not recorded previously in the international market, including 6 newly recorded genera. Ninety\u2010two traded species were included in CITES appendices (59 added in 2022), but at least 78 other traded species remained unregulated. Among these, 5 of the 10 traded threatened species were unlisted, and we recommend they be considered for inclusion in CITES Appendix III. We also recommend the listing of all Diplodactylidae genera in Appendix III. Despite this family representing the greatest number of Australian species in trade, only one genus (of 7 traded) was included in the recent CITES amendments. Overall, a large number of Australian reptile and amphibian species are traded internationally and, although we acknowledge the value of Australia's recent CITES listing, we recommend the consideration of other taxa for similar inclusion in CITES.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.14355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T10:42:43Z","timestamp":1725878563000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Scale of unregulated international trade in Australian reptiles and amphibians"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4085-5786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Chekunov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Invasion Science &amp; Wildlife Ecology Lab University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4224-7090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Stringham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invasion Science &amp; Wildlife Ecology Lab University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey  New Brunswick New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4845-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Toomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invasion Science &amp; Wildlife Ecology Lab University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4093-767X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Prowse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invasion Science &amp; Wildlife Ecology Lab University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2626-0172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip","family":"Cassey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invasion Science &amp; Wildlife Ecology Lab University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Agence France\u2010Presse. (2019).Thousands of wild animals seized in smuggling crackdown. 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