{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:15:27Z","timestamp":1792088127823,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":193,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,19]],"date-time":"2013-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Henna, the dried and powdered leaf of\n                    <jats:italic>Lawsonia inermis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , is widely used as a dye for the skin, hair, and nails, and as an expression of body art, especially in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    slamic and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    indu cultures. As it stains the skin reddish\u2010brown, it is also called red henna. Black henna is the combination of red henna with\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010phenylenediamine (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), and is used for temporary \u2018black henna tattoos\u2019. This article provides a full review of the side\u2010effects of topical application of red and black henna, both cutaneous (allergic and non\u2010allergic) and systemic. Red henna appears to be generally safe, with rare instances of contact allergy and type I hypersensitivity reactions. In children with glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, topical application of henna may cause life\u2010threatening haemolysis. Black henna tattoos will induce contact allergy to its ingredient\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    at an estimated frequency of 2.5%. Once sensitized, the patients may experience allergic contact dermatitis from the use of hair dyes containing\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . There are often cross\u2010reactions to other hair dyes, dyes used in textiles, local anaesthetics, and rubber chemicals. The sensitization of children to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    may have important consequences for health and later career prospects. Systemic toxicity of black henna has been reported in certain\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    frican countries.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,19]],"date-time":"2013-06-19T03:18:28Z","timestamp":1371611908000},"page":"1-25","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["Side\u2010effects of henna and semi\u2010permanent \u2018black henna\u2019 tattoos: a full review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Anton C.","family":"de Groot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"acdegroot publishing  8351 HV Wapserveen The 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