{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T10:40:29Z","timestamp":1784198429592,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,11]],"date-time":"2013-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Skin protection creams (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>)s are used in the occupational setting to help prevent irritant hand dermatitis. The actual amounts of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> applied and the resulting dose per unit area on hands at work are lower than recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the influence of the applied dose on the efficacy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>s in the prevention of irritant contact dermatitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experimental cumulative irritant contact dermatitis was induced by twice daily application of 0.5% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>a<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> or sodium lauryl sulfate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLS<\/jats:styled-content>) for 4\u2009days on the backs of 20 healthy volunteers. Test areas were left unprotected or were pretreated with three different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>s applied at a low dose (2\u2009mg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) or a high dose (20\u2009mg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) before irritation. Irritant responses were assessed by visual scoring and measurement of transepidermal water loss, chromametry, and corneometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although cumulative irritant dermatitis developed in all unprotected test sites, irritation was significantly reduced in a dose\u2010dependent manner on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010protected sites. The higher doses of all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>s provided significant protection against irritation. However, the lower dose of one product did not significantly protect against <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced irritation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The protective efficacy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>s depends on the amount of product applied per unit skin surface area. Some products may show no protective efficacy when used at doses close to those practically applied at workplaces. Future efficacy studies of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>s should be performed with doses not higher than 2\u2009mg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, to avoid overestimation of their protective efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,11]],"date-time":"2013-07-11T13:28:39Z","timestamp":1373549319000},"page":"19-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Preventing irritant contact dermatitis with protective creams: influence of the application dose"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Sibylle","family":"Schliemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Jena  D\u201007743 Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Petri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Jena  D\u201007743 Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Elsner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Jena  D\u201007743 Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000155598441846"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02200.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1990.tb01553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1990.tb01553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00455165"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02258.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2005.00086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","volume-title":"International Sun Protection Factor (SPF) Test Method","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1994.tb01957.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2007.01125.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2000.042006336.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2006.00890.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2006.00749.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000101387"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2001.044004229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2011.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000245714"}],"container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcod.12104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cod.12104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T06:33:28Z","timestamp":1696314808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cod.12104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,11]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cod.12104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cod.12104","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-1873","1600-0536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-1873","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,11]]}}}