{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T06:29:21Z","timestamp":1775370561207,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,2]],"date-time":"2013-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Since the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EU N<\/jats:styled-content>ickel<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>irective came into force, concern has been raised that palladium may increasingly replace nickel in alloys used in jewellery and dentistry, and that it may cause as many allergy problems as nickel.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>(i) To investigate the clinical relevance of contact allergy to palladium resulting from the wearing of palladium\u2010coated earrings, and (ii) to evaluate the concordance in test results between palladium chloride (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PdCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>), sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PdCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>), and nickel(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>) sulfate hexahydrate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NiSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">6H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:styled-content>), as well as variability in patch test reactivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials\/methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty female patients with pierced earlobes and previously known contact allergy to palladium and nickel were patch tested with dilution series of nickel and palladium salts. They wore earrings covered with palladium and titanium for 9\u2009weeks to monitor the appearance of any clinical manifestations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result\/conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a low risk of eczema in palladium\u2010allergic and nickel\u2010allergic individuals when they wear jewellery coated with pure palladium, but further studies are needed to determine whether palladium, when present in alloys, could cause allergic reactions.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PdCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>, like<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NiSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">6H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<\/jats:styled-content>, shows variability in patch test reactivity over time. Furthermore, Na<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PdCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>seems to be a more sensitive test substance than<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PdCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>for the detection of palladium allergy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,2]],"date-time":"2013-08-02T14:15:44Z","timestamp":1375452944000},"page":"288-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Usage test with palladium\u2010coated earrings in patients with contact allergy to palladium and nickel"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Tillman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund University Malm\u00f6 S\u2010205 02 Sweden,"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund 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