{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:21:50Z","timestamp":1791073310932,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]],"date-time":"2014-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of cosmetics exposes consumers to mixtures of ingredients, many of which are potential allergens. Ultraviolet (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content>) filters are used not just in sunscreens, but also in other products. Many <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters are known contact allergens and photoallergens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the pattern of co\u2010exposure to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters in cosmetics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A survey of products marketed in Germany, conducted in 2006\u20132009 by the Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office in Karlsruhe, identified 4447 products (of all 5667 cosmetic products examined) (i) that were categorizable according to Annex I to the Cosmetics Directive, and (ii) with information on the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters or zinc oxide. The occurrence and co\u2010occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters were analysed and presented in tabular and graphical format.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters or zinc oxide were present in 22.5% of all 4447 products, ranging from almost 100% in sunscreens to a few per cent in, for example, some hair products; they were absent in two product categories. Frequently, several different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters were included in one product, for example in sunscreens (median 4) and in perfumes (median 3). The overall most frequent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters were butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane and titanium dioxide, combined mostly with octocrylene in sunscreens and with ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate in creams.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequent co\u2010occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters in cosmetic products possibly facilitates sensitization, and may explain why patients often react to chemically unrelated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> filters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]],"date-time":"2014-04-25T06:14:39Z","timestamp":1398406479000},"page":"162-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Coupled exposure to ingredients of cosmetic products: <scp>III<\/scp>. Ultraviolet filters"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Uter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010University Erlangen\/N\u00fcrnberg  D\u201091054 Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Gon\u00e7alo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Coimbra  Praceta Mota Pinto P\u2010300\u2010075 Coimbra Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerem","family":"Yazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet  SE\u2010171 77 Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva\u2010Maria","family":"Kratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Cosmetics and Medicinal Products Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office (CVUA Karlsruhe)  D\u201076187 Karlsruhe Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Mildau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Cosmetics and Medicinal Products Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office (CVUA Karlsruhe)  D\u201076187 Karlsruhe Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Lid\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet  SE\u2010171 77 Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2011.01945.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12125"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12165"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","unstructured":"SCCS.Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety Opinion on titanium dioxide (nano form) 22 July 2013 2013. 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