{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:33:10Z","timestamp":1790361190506,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]],"date-time":"2015-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Methylisothiazolinone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content>) contact allergy is severely affecting consumers with allergic contact dermatitis, owing to its presence in cosmetics, household detergents, and water\u2010based paints, in particular. Data on the true isothiazolinone concentrations in these products are scarce, and labelling may be incorrect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To report on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations in such products marketed in Belgium, in order to verify the accuracy of labelling (when applicable) and compliance with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EU<\/jats:styled-content> regulations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty cosmetics (18 leave\u2010on and 12 rinse\u2010off), eight detergents and four paints were analysed for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content> by the use of high\u2010performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysed leave\u2010on, and to a lesser extent the rinse\u2010off, cosmetics, contained <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content> at concentrations far exceeding the permitted 100 ppm use concentration. Household detergents contained high concentrations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content>, and mislabelling occurred for both cosmetics and detergents. The (limited) data on paints are in line with the existing literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cosmetics and detergents may facilitate contact sensitization because of a (too) high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content> concentration, and mislabelling may make its avoidance extremely difficult. Safer use concentrations and correct labelling should be ensured by adequate quality control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]],"date-time":"2015-08-10T08:09:56Z","timestamp":1439194196000},"page":"142-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Methylisothiazolinone in selected consumer products in Belgium: Adding fuel to the fire?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Olivier","family":"Aerts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Antwerp  B\u20102650 Edegem Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Meert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Natural Products and Food \u2013 Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Antwerp  B\u20102610 Wilrijk Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Goossens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospitals K.U. Leuven  B\u20103000 Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sighile","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Natural Products and Food \u2013 Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Antwerp  B\u20102610 Wilrijk Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Antwerp  B\u20102650 Edegem Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Apers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Natural Products and Food \u2013 Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Antwerp  B\u20102610 Wilrijk Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12249"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581810374651"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"The mechanism of action of isothiazolinone biocides","volume":"9","author":"Williams T","year":"2007","journal-title":"Power Plant Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12676"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"Regulation (EC) No. 1223\/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on cosmetic products 2009. Available at:http:\/\/eur\u2010lex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:342:0059:0209:en:PDF(last accessed 30 October 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1003\/2014 of 18 September 2014","volume":"282","year":"2014","journal-title":"Off J Eur Union"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"Regulation (EC) No. 648\/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council on detergents 2004. Available at:http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/enterprise\/sectors\/chemicals\/documents\/specific\u2010chemicals\/detergents\/#h2\u20101(last accessed 30 October 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es500236m"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"European Chemicals Agency (ECHA).Guidance on the application of the CLP criteria. Guidance to regulation (EC) no. 1272\/2008 on classification labelling and packaging (CLP) of substances and mixtures Version 4.0 November 2013.2013. Available at:echa.europa.eu\/documents\/10162\/13562\/clp_en.pdf(last accessed 19 May 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"European Chemicals Agency (ECHA).C&L inventory database 2014. Last updated 4 July 2014. Available at:http:\/\/echa.europa.eu\/web\/guest\/information\u2010on\u2010chemicals\/cl\u2010inventory\u2010database(last accessed 19 May 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety DG Sanco European Commission.Opinion on methylisothiazolinone (P94) submission II (sensitisation only) Adopted on 12 December 2013.2006. Available at:http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/scientific_committees\/consumer_safety\/docs\/sccs_o_145.pdf(last accessed 10 November 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"Cosmetics Europe.Cosmetics Europe issues recommendation to discontinue use of MIT in leave\u2010on cosmetic products 13 December 2013.2013. Available at:https:\/\/www.cosmeticseurope.eu\/news\u2010a\u2010events\/news\/647\u2010cosmetics\u2010europe\u2010recommendation\u2010on\u2010mit.html(last accessed 10 November 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12823"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"265","volume-title":"Allergie de contact \u00e0 la m\u00e9thylisothiazolinone: exp\u00e9riences belge et fran\u00e7aise","author":"Goossens A","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Rinse\u2010off products with methylisothiazolinone elicit allergic reactions \u2013 a use test","volume":"70","author":"Yazar K","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12123"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2007.06511.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02012.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.10.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12143"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12181"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Formaldehyde in skin care products in dermatitis patients","volume":"70","author":"Hauksson I","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10523.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2000.042004196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e8221"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12359"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12343"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12221"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0000000000000095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13295"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Allergic contact dermatitis to methylchlorisothiazolinone and ethylenediamine. 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