{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:37:57Z","timestamp":1788475077261,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,19]],"date-time":"2016-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Contact dermatitis resulting from the use of shin pads is usually caused by rubber components, dyes, benzoyl peroxide, or formaldehyde resins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate and identify a new allergen in shin pads that was responsible for severe contact dermatitis in a young football player.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010performance liquid\n chromatography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPLC<\/jats:styled-content>) of samples of shin pads was performed. The boy was patch tested with pieces of shin pads and with acetophenone azine, a chemical substance identified by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPLC<\/jats:styled-content> in the foam of the shin pads.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPLC<\/jats:styled-content> identified acetophenone azine at concentrations of approximately 20\u2009\u00b5g\/g of shin pad samples. Patch tests gave strongly positive reactions to pieces of shin pads and to acetophenone azine down to 0.001% in acetone, whereas acetophenone and hydrazine sulfate were both negative. Twenty controls were negative for acetophenone azine 0.01% in acetone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acetophenone azine is a new, strong allergen of shin pads, and more generally of other sport equipment based on ethylene vinyl acetate. It may be used as a biocide, but this has to be confirmed. Further investigations are needed to understand factors such as exposure, cross\u2010reaction patterns, metabolism, and the optimal patch test preparation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,21]],"date-time":"2016-05-21T14:06:13Z","timestamp":1463839573000},"page":"106-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Acetophenone azine: a new allergen responsible for severe contact dermatitis from shin pads"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Nadia","family":"Raison\u2010Peyron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Allergology Unit H\u00f4pital Saint Eloi \u2010 CHU Montpellier  34295 Montpellier Cedex 5 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ola","family":"Bergendorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund University  20502 Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Luc","family":"Bourrain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Allergology Unit H\u00f4pital Saint Eloi \u2010 CHU Montpellier  34295 Montpellier Cedex 5 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Bruze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund University  20502 Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2006.00912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2006.00162.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/6620.2010.09091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2007.01091.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1992.tb05201.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-45395-3_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00397919208021088"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"Permachem Asia Ltd Japan.Ketazins as Industrial Microbiocides. 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