{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:24:31Z","timestamp":1782915871080,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2016, dermatologists in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>inland suspected contact allergy in several patients using moisturizers under the trade name <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae. Following a formulation change, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>henostat\u2122, which is a mixture of phenoxyethanol, caprylhydroxamic acid, and methylpropanediol, was used as a preservative in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae moisturizers in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>inland.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To confirm the suspected contact allergy to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae cream, oily cream, and\/or lotion, and to identify the specific contact allergen and define its optimal patch test concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010nine patients with suspected contact allergy to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae creams or lotion were patch tested in four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>innish dermatological clinics. The patch tests included old and new <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae formulas and their preservative agents: phenoxyethanol, methylpropanediol, and dilution series of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>henostat\u2122 and caprylhydroxamic acid or its potassium salt.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The patch tests showed positive reactions to the new <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae formulas, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>henostat\u2122, and caprylhydroxamic acid or its potassium salt, but not to the old <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae formulas, methylpropanediol, or phenoxyethanol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found a new contact allergen, caprylhydroxyamic acid, which caused an epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis in patients using moisturizers containing this preservative. Whether the sensitizing capacity of caprylhydroxamic acid depends on the other chemicals used in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>pobase\u00ae moisturizers needs further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T07:32:54Z","timestamp":1492587174000},"page":"159-162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["An epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis caused by a new allergen, caprylhydroxamic acid, in moisturizers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1792-5945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leena","family":"Ackermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Helsinki  00250 Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannele","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Helsinki  00250 Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Korhonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre Tampere University Hospital  33520 Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arja","family":"Laukkanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Kuopio University Hospital  70210 Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Huilaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PEDEGO research Unit and MRC Oulu, Department of Dermatology Oulu University and Oulu University Hospital  90220 Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riitta","family":"Riekki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PEDEGO research Unit and MRC Oulu, Department of Dermatology Oulu University and Oulu University Hospital  90220 Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3305-9354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taina","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre Tampere University Hospital  33520 Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02140.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2010.01811.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12098"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2013.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"European Commission. Regulation (EC) No. 1223\/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0000000000000031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12750"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS)File No: LTD\/1543 Public report: Octanamide N\u2010hydroxy\u2010 (INCI Name: Caprylhydroxamic Acid) 2012. Available at:https:\/\/www.nicnas.gov.au\/search?query=Octanamide&collection=nicnas\u2010meta&f.Content+Type|3=Assessments&showonly=assessments. (last accessed 31 March 2017)"}],"container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcod.12787","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cod.12787","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T16:08:03Z","timestamp":1696349283000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cod.12787"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cod.12787"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cod.12787","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-1873","1600-0536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-1873","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]]}}}