{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:44:27Z","timestamp":1791297867197,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]],"date-time":"2017-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Temporary tattoos made with an extract of the jagua fruit (G<\/jats:styled-content>enipa americana<\/jats:italic> L<\/jats:styled-content>.) are becoming increasingly popular. It is claimed that it is \u2018dermatologically tested\u2019 and does not contain p<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2010phenylenediamine. Extracts of jagua and gardenia fruits have been used by indigenous people in S<\/jats:styled-content>outh A<\/jats:styled-content>merica, as well as in traditional C<\/jats:styled-content>hinese medicine, for centuries. Genipin is currently used for its cross\u2010linking effect in the manufacture of polysaccharides, and is being investigated for its anti\u2010inflammatory and other properties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objectives<\/jats:title>To report the presence of the allergenic substance genipin in a self\u2010administered temporary tattoo dye made from the fruit juice of jagua (G<\/jats:styled-content>enipa americana<\/jats:italic> L<\/jats:styled-content>.).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>A 39\u2010year\u2010old female who repeatedly applied \u2018completely natural and 100% safe\u2019 E<\/jats:styled-content>arth J<\/jats:styled-content>agua\u00ae tattoo, obtained via the internet, to her left hand developed allergic contact dermatitis within 6\u2009weeks. Analysis of the dye showed the presence of geniposide and genipin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Patch tests with the dye and with its main components, including genipin, gave strong positive reactions to the latter. There was no sensitization to other ingredients or p<\/jats:italic>\u2010amino compounds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>We report an extensively evaluated case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by a temporary E<\/jats:styled-content>arth J<\/jats:styled-content>agua\u00ae tattoo. The allergen identified is genipin, a substance that is increasingly used for tattoos and as a therapeutic agent in medicine. This could result in an increase in the number of allergic reactions in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]],"date-time":"2017-07-04T14:10:17Z","timestamp":1499177417000},"page":"374-378","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Allergic contact dermatitis caused by a new temporary blue\u2013black tattoo dye\u2009\u2013\u2009sensitization to genipin from jagua (G<\/scp>enipa americana<\/i>L<\/scp>.) fruit extract"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6683-3975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas J.","family":"Bircher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Unit, Dermatology Clinic University Hospital Basel and University of Basel 4031 Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Sigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice 6004 Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Scherer Hofmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Unit, Dermatology Clinic University Hospital Basel and University of Basel 4031 Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urs","family":"Schlegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kantonales Laboratorium Basel\u2010Stadt 4056 Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urs","family":"Hauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kantonales Laboratorium Basel\u2010Stadt 4056 Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2011.07882_suppl.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S90265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12074"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16054295"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Genipa americana L. Jagua. Genipa. Rubiaceae. Madder Family","author":"Francis J K","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02873178"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"134","article-title":"Indigenous knowledge of plants and their utilization among the Shuar of the lower tropical mountain forest in southern Ecuador","volume":"7","author":"Pohle P","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lyonia"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2225-4110.114898"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of genipa americana L. (Jenipapo) of the Brazilian Cerrado","volume":"3","author":"Costa Lima Porto R G","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Agric Environ Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo01082a022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2015.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046318"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2010.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2009.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/15672018113106660059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12767"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2013.11.020"}],"container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcod.12844","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cod.12844","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T11:59:37Z","timestamp":1696679977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cod.12844"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cod.12844"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cod.12844","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-1873","1600-0536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-1873","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]}}}