{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:02:55Z","timestamp":1791954175060,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A late\u2010appearing patch test reaction may be a sign of active sensitization or represent a delayed elicitation reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To retrospectively study the effect of concentration on the time course of allergic reactions to routine concentration dilution series of formaldehyde and nickel sulfate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We tested concentration dilution series of 2%, 1%, 0.32% and 0.1% formaldehyde and 5%, 1.6%, 0.5% and 0.16% nickel sulfate, respectively. The last readings were performed on day 4 to day 6. We included patients with allergic reactions to either of the two lowest concentrations in each dilution series and whose tests had been read three times.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010two nickel\u2010allergic and 23 formaldehyde\u2010allergic patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In 26 (62%) of the nickel\u2010sensitive patients, reactions to lower concentrations appeared later than reactions to the highest concentration. Of the formaldehyde\u2010sensitive patients, 17 (74%) developed one or two allergic reactions to lower concentrations later than reactions to the highest concentration, and one (4%) patient developed allergic reactions to lower concentrations sooner than a reaction to the highest concentration. The remaining patients showed all allergic reactions at the same reading.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In these selected, relatively strongly sensitized patients, allergic reactions to lower concentrations quite regularly appeared later than reactions to higher concentrations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T03:34:23Z","timestamp":1540438463000},"page":"162-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Allergic reactions to lower concentrations of nickel sulfate and formaldehyde often appear later than reactions to higher concentrations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5595-5512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristiina","family":"Aalto\u2010Korte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Medicine Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH)  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3711-6846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sari","family":"Suomela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Medicine Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH)  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0356-7064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Pesonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Medicine Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH)  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12432"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1995.tb02072.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2005.00705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2007.01197.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2007.01003.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2006.00863.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1046-199X(99)90001-5"}],"container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcod.13162","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cod.13162","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cod.13162","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cod.13162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T22:31:50Z","timestamp":1694125910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cod.13162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cod.13162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cod.13162","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-1873","1600-0536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-1873","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-09-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}