{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T12:29:27Z","timestamp":1775478567855,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allergic contact dermatitis caused by glucose sensors has become an increasing problem. Contact allergies to isobornyl acrylate, colophonium, ethyl cyanoacrylate and <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010dimethylacrylamide have been reported. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence of sensor\u2010related dermatitis and detailed patient histories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate diabetes patients who have developed allergic contact dermatitis caused by glucose sensors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy patients with suspected contact allergy to glucose sensors referred to university hospital dermatology clinics in southern Finland were patch tested with the baseline series, an isobornyl acrylate dilution series, and a number of other acrylates. Atopic constitution, contact allergies, the severity of the dermatitis and the ability to continue with the same or another type of sensor were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive patch test reactions to isobornyl acrylate were seen in 51 of 63 (81%) Freestyle Libre users. Colophonium or its derivatives gave positive reactions in five of seven Medtronic Enlite users. The median duration of sensor use before dermatitis was 6\u2009months. The estimated prevalences of contact allergy to sensor adhesives were 0.7% for Freestyle Libre and 0.8% for Enlite.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We suggest that patients who have difficulties in finding a tolerable glucose sensor or an insulin pump should be patch tested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T18:48:41Z","timestamp":1560797321000},"page":"161-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Allergic contact dermatitis caused by glucose sensors in type 1 diabetes patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5388-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heli S. I.","family":"Hyry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology and Allergology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jussi P.","family":"Liippo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Unit University of Turku, Turku University Hospital  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannele M.","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology and Allergology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12866"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13243","article-title":"N,N\u2010dimethylacrylamide\u2014a new sensitizer in the FreeStyle Libre glucose sensor","volume":"81","author":"Mowitz M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12503"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296817738076"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13248","article-title":"The Dexcom glucose monitoring system\u2014an isobornyl acrylate free alternative for diabetes patients","volume":"81","author":"Oppel E","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2008.01333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2016.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06178.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2011.23.S3.S387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12647"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0088"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12652"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2005.00704.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency UK government. Medical device alert. 2019.https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/alert-to-users-of-freestyle-libre-flash-glucose-monitoring-system-regarding-skin-reactions-to-sensor-adhesive. Accessed June 4 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13120"}],"container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcod.13337","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cod.13337","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cod.13337","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cod.13337","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T08:35:40Z","timestamp":1694162140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cod.13337"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cod.13337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cod.13337","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-1873","1600-0536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-1873","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}