{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:56:36Z","timestamp":1778698596097,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dental students are at high risk of developing adverse skin reactions following practical work during the dentistry degree program. They encounter multiple irritants and allergens that may cause skin reactions on exposed parts of the body, notably the hands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To estimate the prevalence of skin reactions related to the pre\u2010clinical and clinical training courses of the dentistry program and associated risk factors in Bulgarian dental students.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study was performed using a self\u2010report questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 467 dental students completed the questionnaire (response 51.8%). The prevalence of self\u2010reported skin symptoms was 21.2%. According to logistic regression analysis, the most important risk factors for work\u2010related skin symptoms were a personal history of atopic dermatitis (odds ratio [OR] 3.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.99\u20107.72), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and\/or asthma (OR 1.94, 95%CI: 1.03\u20103.68), personal history of contact allergy (OR 2.19, 95%CI: 1.06\u20104.55), and hand washing &gt;16 times a day (OR 2.42, 95%CI: 1.06\u20105.52).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this study suggest that work\u2010related skin symptoms are frequent among dental students and indicate the need to establish effective primary preventive programs for occupational skin disorders at a national level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T16:08:55Z","timestamp":1563898135000},"page":"274-279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Skin reactions among Bulgarian dental students: A self\u2010report questionnaire survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4771-6589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iliyana","family":"Stoeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Dental Allergology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine Medical University Plovdiv  Plovdiv Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Dencheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Oral Diagnostics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Sofia  Sofia Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolai","family":"Georgiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Dental Allergology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine Medical University Plovdiv  Plovdiv Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atanas","family":"Chonin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Dental Allergology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine Medical University Plovdiv  Plovdiv Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(18)30156-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Occupational diseases in dentistry. 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