{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T15:01:18Z","timestamp":1778166078924,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Danish Environmental Protection Agency under the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aluminum contact allergy is mostly seen in children with vaccination granulomas, following immunization with aluminum\u2010adsorbed childhood vaccines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize a cohort of children with vaccination granulomas and aluminum allergy concerning early life conditions, exacerbating factors, avoidance behavior, treatments, and potential impact on quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A questionnaire study was conducted among 177 children aged 0 to 15\u2009years with vaccination granulomas and aluminum allergy, and a reference group of 61 children aged 3 to 14\u2009years with various types of dermatitis undergoing patch testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All children in the granuloma group were reportedly affected by itch. Infection exacerbated the itch in 59%. Other worsening factors were eating tin\u2010foiled\/canned food (31%) and use of aluminum\u2010containing sunscreen (46%). Many parents took precautions to avoid aluminum exposure. Children with granulomas were more likely to be nonadherent to the National Vaccination Program than the reference group (27% vs 2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u2009.001). Parents in the granuloma group reported a decreased life quality for both parents and children compared with the reference group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Itching vaccination granulomas and aluminum allergy have a considerable negative impact on affected children and their families, causing avoidance behavior, reduced adherence to vaccination programs, and a negative effect on the overall life quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T08:37:00Z","timestamp":1585298220000},"page":"99-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Children with vaccination granulomas and aluminum contact allergy: Evaluation of predispositions, avoidance behavior, and quality of 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 Hellerup Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten S.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital University of Copenhagen  Hellerup Denmark"},{"name":"The Pediatric Department, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital University of Copenhagen  Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3537-8463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanne D.","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital University of Copenhagen  Hellerup Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"868","article-title":"Aluminium allergy and granulomas induced by 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