{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T18:34:25Z","timestamp":1784918065147,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is caused by the acute locally toxic effect of a strong irritant, or the cumulative exposure to various weaker physical and\/or chemical irritants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the characteristics of patients with ICD in the population patch tested in the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA;<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.essca-dc.org\">www.essca-dc.org<\/jats:ext-link>) database.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data collected by the ESSCA in consecutively patch tested patients from January 2009 to December 2018 were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 68\u2009072 patients, 8702 were diagnosed with ICD (without concomitant allergic contact dermatitis [ACD]). Hand and face were the most reported anatomical sites, and 45.7% of the ICD was occupational ICD (OICD). The highest proportions of OICD were found in metal turners, bakers, pastry cooks, and confectionery makers. Among patients diagnosed with ICD, 45% were found sensitized with no relevance for the current disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The hands were mainly involved in OICD also in the subgroup of patients with contact dermatitis, in whom relevant contact sensitization had been ruled out, emphasizing the need for limiting irritant exposures. However, in difficult\u2010to\u2010treat contact dermatitis, unrecognized contact allergy, or unrecognized clinical relevance of identified allergies owing to incomplete or wrong product ingredient information must always be considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T10:35:37Z","timestamp":1615977337000},"page":"186-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA): Characteristics of patients patch tested and diagnosed with irritant contact dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2731-9284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Loman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4498-3710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Uter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010University Erlangen\/N\u00fcrnberg Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 C.","family":"Armario\u2010Hita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Puerto Real, University of C\u00e1diz C\u00e1diz Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Ayala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Balato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara K.","family":"Ballmer\u2010Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Z\u00fcrich Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Z\u00fcrich and Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, Kantonsspital St Gallen Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4411-3088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6683-3975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas J.","family":"Bircher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Allergy Unit, University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3139-129X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Buhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Czarnecka\u2010Operacz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Dickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5434-7753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Gim\u00e9nez Arnau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Hospital del Mar, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swen M.","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Environmental Medicine Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabr\u00fcck, Lower Saxony Institute for Occupational Dermatology (NIB) Osnabr\u00fcck 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