{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T12:12:20Z","timestamp":1784808740707,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sodium disulfite (SD), also known as sodium metabisulfite, is an increasingly recognized cause of allergic contact dermatitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this work was to characterize individuals with positive patch test reactions to SD as well as analyse reaction strength, clinical relevance, and sources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective analysis of patients patch tested with SD (1% petrolatum) by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG), 2017 to 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 4885 patients patch tested with SD, 132 (2.7%) had a positive reaction. Common primary anatomic sites of dermatitis were face (28.8%), hands (20.5%), and a scattered\/generalized distribution (13.6%). Compared with SD\u2010negative patients, SD\u2010positive patients were more likely male (odds ratio 2.81, 95% confidence interval 1.98\u20104.00) and\/or over 40\u2009years (odds ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 1.30\u20102.94). Reactions were most commonly + (50.4%) or ++ (34.1%); 65.2% were considered currently relevant. About 15.2% were definitively confirmed in sources, commonly personal care products (18.9%, especially hair dye), and drugs\/medications\/alcoholic beverages (9.1%). Only 2.3% of positive reactions were linked to occupation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive reactions to SD occurred in 2.7% of tested patients. Reactions were often clinically relevant and linked to personal care products and drugs\/medications\/alcoholic beverages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T06:35:50Z","timestamp":1618209350000},"page":"285-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Patch testing with sodium disulfite: North American Contact Dermatitis Group experience, 2017 to 2018"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6177-0656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin M.","family":"Warshaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Park Nicollet Health Services  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center  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