{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T10:50:03Z","timestamp":1782125403306,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,29]],"date-time":"2021-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the 2010s an epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis to methylisothiazolinone (MI) occurred in Europe. European authorities banned the use of methylisothiazolinone in leave\u2010on cosmetics in 2017 and limited its use in rinse\u2010off products in 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the sensitization rate to MI in Belgium between January 2014 and December 2019, and to assess cosensitizations to octylisothiazolinone (OIT) and benzisothiazolinone (BIT) in MI\u2010sensitized patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study of patch test results with MI, OIT, and BIT observed in patients attending five Belgian hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 560 of 10 029 patients (5.58%) had a positive patch test reaction to MI, and its sensitization rate decreased from 7.9% in 2014 to 3.1% in 2019. Rinse\u2010off cosmetics, paints, and detergents were the most prevalent sensitization sources in recent years. Simultaneous reactions readily occurred to OIT, and, surprisingly, and increasingly, also to BIT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Contact allergy to MI in Belgium has reached a pre\u2010epidemic level, reflecting the impact of recent regulatory measures. Leave\u2010on cosmetics, in contrast to rinse\u2010off products, have almost disappeared as sensitization sources in Europe. Paints and detergents also remain problematic. The remarkably high number of patients (co)sensitized to BIT should be a focus of future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T15:40:50Z","timestamp":1628869250000},"page":"643-649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Evolution of methylisothiazolinone sensitization: A <scp>Belgian<\/scp> multicentric study from 2014 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7000-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Herman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Cliniques universitaires Saint\u2010Luc, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pneumology, ENT and Dermatology Pole Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0076-2887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Aerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), and Infla\u2010Med Centre of Excellence, Research Group Immunology, University of Antwerp  Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4500-645X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie\u2010Claude","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Cliniques Saint\u2010Pierre, and Private Dermatologist  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4334-6381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christel","family":"Scheers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Cliniques Saint\u2010Pierre  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0927-3104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liesbeth","family":"Gilissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group  KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9805-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"An","family":"Goossens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0499-7939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Baeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Cliniques universitaires Saint\u2010Luc, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pneumology, ENT and Dermatology Pole Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15267"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Occupational contact allergy and dermatitis from methylisothiazolinone after contact with wallcovering glue and after a chemical burn from a biocide","volume":"15","author":"Isaksson M","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2010.01754.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12064"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12149"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12249"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0b013e31827edc73"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Council on Cosmetic Products. Opinion on methylisothazolonone (EC No 1223\/2009) adopted 22 July 2016. European Commission; 2016.http:\/\/eur\u2010lex.europa.eu\/legal\u2010content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32016R1198&from=FR. Accessed 10 March 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"Council on Cosmetic Products. Opinion on methylisothiazolinone (EC. No 1223\/2009) adopted on 6 July 2017. European Commission; 2017.http:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32017R1224&from=EN. 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