{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:04:41Z","timestamp":1785200681268,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased hand hygiene measures during the COVID\u201019 pandemic have led to an increased quantum of hand eczema (HE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the effects of varying washing frequencies using current mild cleansing agents\u2014alongside with the effect of a rehydrating cream\u2014on the epidermal barrier function and inflammatory processes of the <jats:italic>stratum corneum<\/jats:italic>(SC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Standardized skin washings on the volar aspects of the lower arms of skin\u2010healthy volunteers were performed using the automated cleansing device either 5 or 11 times within 4\u00a0h for 60\u2009s each with a standard cleanser, a lipid\u2010containing syndet, or a lipid\u2010containing syndet followed by one\u2010time application of a rehydrating cream. Skin bioengineering parameters (transepidermal water loss, SC hydration, erythema, and SC pH) and biochemical\/immunological parameters (interleukin\u20101\u03b1, interleukin\u20101\u03b1 receptor antagonist and natural moisturizing factor) of <jats:italic>SC<\/jats:italic>samples collected by tape stripping were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All applied washing procedures provided comparable, mild effects on the epidermal barrier function and skin inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Occupational skin cleansers seem to have improved regarding skin barrier damaging effects. To further corroborate this, a study design, modified on the basis of our findings, applying longer washing periods for consecutive days seems desirable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T13:54:25Z","timestamp":1648734865000},"page":"241-246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of skin washing frequency on the epidermal barrier function and inflammatory processes of the epidermis: An experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4090-6726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cara","family":"Symanzik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and 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