{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T20:31:22Z","timestamp":1772224282955,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]],"date-time":"2022-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007108","name":"George Washington University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to cobalt is more common in children and adolescents than adults. However, detailed information on sites and sources of cobalt ACD is limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess trends in positive and clinically relevant patch test reactions to cobalt in children and associated patient characteristics, common sources and body sites affected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of children (&lt;18\u2009years) patch tested to cobalt by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group between 2001 and 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1919 children patch tested, 228 (11.9%) and 127 (6.6%) had a positive\/allergic or currently relevant patch test reaction to cobalt, respectively. The most common primary body sites affected were scattered generalized (30.0%), face, not otherwise specified (10.6%) and trunk (10.1%). Patients with allergic and currently relevant allergic patch test reactions were more likely to have a primary site of trunk (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0160 and<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0008) and ears (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0005 and<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Affected body site(s) varied by cobalt source among patients with currently relevant reactions, especially for less common sources. The most commonly identified sources of cobalt included jewellery, belts and clothing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive patch test reactions to cobalt were common in children. The most common body site was scattered generalized and the sources of cobalt varied by body site.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T11:50:19Z","timestamp":1657281019000},"page":"420-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Patch testing with cobalt in children and adolescents: North American contact dermatitis group experience, 2001\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3686-7805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan I.","family":"Silverberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology George Washington University School of Medicine Washington District of Columbia USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois 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