{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:23:14Z","timestamp":1773832994576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Various products are available for lightening hair. There are no data on which applications are actually used in hairdressing, impeding proper estimation of actual exposure and necessary preventive measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess information about availability, usage and formulation of lightening preparations in the German hairdressing trade.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A market survey was conducted and hairdressers were surveyed by online questionnaires.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 783 hairdressers clicking the link, 565 hairdressers (91.2% female, mean age of 40.2\u2009\u00b1\u200911.7\u2009years) from all German states responded (response rate: 72.2%). The questionnaire survey has shown that available hair\u2010lightening preparations in the German hairdressing trade are (multiple selection possible): dust\u2010free (88.5%) and non\u2010dust\u2010free bleaching powders (22.1%), bleaching creams (41.9%), high\u2010lifting hair colour creams (88.8%) and normal hair colour creams (58.4%). Five hundred eighteen (91.7%) hairdressers favour lightening hair with powder. The market survey revealed that bleaching powders and creams contain potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and sodium persulfate or combinations of these persulfate salts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hairdressers are exposed to various hair\u2010lightening applications containing different chemicals. Preventive measures need to address adverse skin and respiratory effects. Implementation of targeted health education already in early career stages (i.e., apprenticeship) seems advisable and can be maintained by refresher trainings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]],"date-time":"2022-11-12T07:53:49Z","timestamp":1668239629000},"page":"139-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bleaching powders, bleaching creams and other hair lightening preparations as sources for (airborne) allergic contact dermatitis and other health effects in hairdressers: Results of an empirical study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4090-6726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cara","family":"Symanzik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Koopmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5670-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Skudlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"},{"name":"Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5406-9458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swen M.","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabr\u00fcck University  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"},{"name":"Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology  Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4498-3710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Uter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMBE) Friedrich\u2010Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\/N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"405","article-title":"Ermittlung der exposition gegen\u00fcber gefahrstoffen in der luft an friseurarbeitspl\u00e4tzen","volume":"62","author":"Berges M","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gefahrst Reinhalt Luft"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.361"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02050.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Risk factors for hand dermatitis in hairdressing apprentices","volume":"46","author":"Uter W","year":"1998","journal-title":"Derm Beruf 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