{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T17:42:27Z","timestamp":1784569347980,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Professional cleaners are commonly affected by hand eczema (HE) due to wet work and exposure to cleaning products in the work environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate (1) the prevalence of HE in a group of professional hospital cleaners, (2) the association of HE with various comorbidities and self\u2010reported signs\/symptoms of skin lesions and (3) the association of HE with various occupational and personal risk factors in the same population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional questionnaire\u2010based study including all cleaners working in three hospitals in Denmark. The questionnaire was composed of 35 questions. Prevalence is reported using proportions with 95% confidence intervals and compared using difference of proportions and Fisher's exact test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 122 out of 180 cleaners (response rate\u2009=\u200968%) participated in this study. The self\u2010reported lifetime prevalence of HE among the cleaners was 30.3%, while the 1\u2010year prevalence was 18.9%. HE was significantly associated with a history of atopic diseases. There was a significant correlation between having HE, and self\u2010reported redness and itch of the hands in the last 12\u2009months, as well as the use of hydrochloric acid \u22654\u2009days\/week during the last 12\u2009months. Logistic regression analysis found HE significantly associated with washing hands \u226520 times during a working day and a history of atopic dermatitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cleaners are at an elevated risk of developing HE. More focus on education\/information regarding the prevention and treatment of HE is necessary for the cleaning profession. Self\u2010reported redness and itching of the hands may be a useful prediction of HE in cleaners.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T04:40:38Z","timestamp":1689223238000},"page":"241-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors for hand eczema among professional hospital cleaners in Denmark: A cross\u2010sectional questionnaire\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Farnam Barati","family":"Sedeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Zealand University Hospital  Roskilde Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Th\u00f3runn El\u00edsabet","family":"Michaelsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, 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