{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:57:31Z","timestamp":1790110651098,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gender\u2010based differences in skin structure, physiology, and allergen exposure can influence contact dermatitis development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the differences and trends in contact sensitizers, focusing on the top 10 allergens and personal care product (PCP) contact allergies from a gender perspective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective chart review of 5998 patients undergoing patch testing at an occupational and contact dermatitis clinic in a Thai, university\u2010based, tertiary referral hospital from January 2001 to December 2021. Patients' characteristics and patch test results were collected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Females had a higher positive patch test rate than males (71.8% vs. 65%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). However, males showed a greater prevalence of occupationally related allergic contact dermatitis (15.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed associations between being female and allergies to colophonium (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.99, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019), formaldehyde (aOR 1.97, 95% CI 1.17\u201313.31, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010), fragrance mix I (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.34\u20132.07, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), MCI\/MI (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 1.90\u20133.44, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), neomycin (aOR 4.15, 95% CI 2.54\u20136.80, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and nickel (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 2.17\u20133.15, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Conversely, being male correlated with allergies to carba mix (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.41\u20130.64, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), epoxy resin (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14\u20130.47, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), n\u2010isopropyl\u2010n\u2010phenyl\u20104\u2010phenylenediamine (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20\u20130.83, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014), paraben mix (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.32\u20130.56, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and potassium dichromate (aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58\u20130.84, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Positive reactions to PCPs stood at 13% overall (males 17.1%, females 12.2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gender plays a pivotal role in contact dermatitis. This work emphasises the importance of considering gender\u2010specific factors when diagnosing and managing contact allergies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:23:29Z","timestamp":1702945409000},"page":"458-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Gender differences in allergic contact dermatitis to common allergens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6673-6534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waranya","family":"Boonchai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3727-2619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surachanee","family":"Likittanasombat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noldtawat","family":"Viriyaskultorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0837-2725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silada","family":"Kanokrungsee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok 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