{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:19:36Z","timestamp":1790965176604,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023331","name":"LEO Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hand eczema (HE) is a common skin disease with a negative impact on patients' quality of life in occupational and non\u2010occupational settings. Up\u2010to\u2010date, data on HE in Italian patients referred for patch testing are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterise the profile in terms of demographics, aetiology and patch test results of Italian patients affected by HE referred for patch testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective descriptive study on consecutive patients affected by HE who underwent patch testing from 2016 to 2023 in eight dermatology clinics was performed. HE patients were divided into two groups according to the exclusive (HE\u2010only group) and not\u2010exclusive (HE+ group) hand involvement, and compared to patients with eczema localised in body areas other than hands (NHE group).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One thousand five hundred and ninety\u2010seven patients were affected by HE (35.3% males; mean age 42.7\u2009years), 60.2% belonging to the HE\u2010only group and 39.8% to the HE+ group. Occupational dermatitis was diagnosed in 33.2% of HE\u2010only patients, 25.0% of HE+ patients and 5.2% of NHE patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). HE\u2010only patients presented: Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD), Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD), atopic HE in 48.1%, 47.5% and 7.1%, respectively; hyperkeratotic palmar, acute recurrent vesicular and nummular clinical subtypes in 52.2%, 43.9% and 11.9%, respectively; relevant positive patch test reactions in 48.1% (nickel sulphate 18.9%, methylchloroisothiazolinone\/methylisothiazolinone 10.6%, methylisothiazolinone 8.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010phenylenediamine 6.0% and potassium dichromate 4.7%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HE patients, and particularly those with exclusive hand involvement, show a particular profile in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics, etiologies and relevant positive patch test reactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  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Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences University of Ferrara  Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9163-9691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Borghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences University of Ferrara  Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosella","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DISSAL) University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cataldo","family":"Patruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology, Health Sciences Department Magna Graecia University  Catanzaro 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