{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:35:59Z","timestamp":1787769359650,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,24]],"date-time":"2024-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an immune response to chemical haptens, involving induction and elicitation phases. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) reviewing the skin sensitisation potential for all ingredients and using chemical\u2010specific induction thresholds for skin allergens remains the current best approach for the safety evaluation of consumer products. However, elicitation thresholds have utility in secondary protection for pre\u2010sensitised consumers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objectives were to (1) review the current elicitation threshold database, (2) evaluate whether predicted relationships between chemical induction and elicitation potencies enable elicitation threshold prediction and (3) discuss elicitation threshold utility as a secondary method of consumer protection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 28 publications (with 39 elicitation datasets) were included in non\u2010linear regression analysis to derive elicitation thresholds for 22 allergens, including fragrances, preservatives and metals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median elicitation threshold (ED<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>) for the expanded database was 0.95\u2009\u03bcg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, which supports previously published general elicitation thresholds. The derived ED<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> for each chemical had only weak to moderate correlation with corresponding induction thresholds, thus limiting suitability as the predictive model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Assessment of current EU fragrance allergen labelling and sensitiser labelling under the globally harmonised system in the context of general and chemical\u2010specific elicitation thresholds shows that current practices are health protective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T02:45:04Z","timestamp":1732502704000},"page":"197-208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Skin sensitisation elicitation: Evaluation of the general threshold and considerations for use"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2106-8322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Palmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  South Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ToxTech Solutions, LLC  Milan Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Procter &amp; Gamble Services Company NV  Strombeek\u2010Bever Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100463.2011.02832.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.284"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.13499.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102133.2007.08162.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"The immunology of allergic contact dermatitis: the DNCB story","volume":"5","author":"Friedmann PS","year":"1990","journal-title":"Adv Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"709","article-title":"Quantitative relationships between sensitizing dose of DNCB and reactivity in normal subjects","volume":"53","author":"Friedmann PS","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2004.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/der.0000000000000684"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2021.112705"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2020.104805"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u20100536.2002.470101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0278\u20106915(01)00062\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2002.9469"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0300\u2010483x(03)00161\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100536.2011.01876.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","unstructured":"SCCS\/1459\/11 Opinion on Fragrance Allergens in Cosmetic Products.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18946"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"(SCCS) SCoCS.Opinion on Methylisothiazolinone (MI) (P94) Submission III (Sensitization Only). 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