{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:05:22Z","timestamp":1782126322183,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Formaldehyde (FA) and formaldehyde\u2010releasers (FRs) are well\u2010known causes of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Following the 2019 EU ban on FA and Quaternium\u201015 in cosmetics, stable or slightly decreasing sensitisation rates have been reported. In Turkey, both were banned in 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess FA\/FR sensitisation and ACD rates before and after the ban, and evaluate the role of FA as a marker for FR allergy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single\u2010centre retrospective cohort of 2592 patients patch tested with FA 1% or 2% aq. and at least one FR between 1996 and 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      FA\/FRs sensitisation prevalence was 1.9% (48\/2592), mostly in patients &gt;\u200940\u2009years old. The most frequent sensitisers were hexahydro\u20101,3,5\u2010tris\u2010(2\u2010hydroxyethyl)triazine (0.7%) and Quaternium\u201015 (0.6%). ACD occurred in 37.5% (18\/48), mainly as hand eczema from non\u2010occupational rinse\u2010off cosmetics, while 16.7% were occupational (hairdressers\/barbers\/metalworkers). FA 1%\u20132% aq. failed to detect FR sensitisation in 31.9% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915\/47) of patients, including nine missed with FA 1% aq. and six with FA 2% aq. No cases occurred after the 2021 ban. 2\u2010bromo\u20102\u2010nitropropane\u20101,3\u2010diol and DMDM\u2010hydantoin showed no co\u2010reactivity with FA, but were important inducers of FR\u2010related ACD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 2021 ban in Turkey appears to have reduced ACD due to FA and FRs. Continued FR testing remains essential, as FA 2% aq. is complementary but not a fully reliable marker.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.70104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:24:15Z","timestamp":1770942255000},"page":"515-523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Marked Impact of Regulatory Bans on Formaldehyde and Formaldehyde\u2010Releaser\u2010Induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study (1996\u20132024) From Turkey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9585-9509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esen","family":"\u00d6zkaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine \u0130stanbul University  \u0130stanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6mer","family":"Mang\u0131r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine \u0130stanbul University  \u0130stanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizaveta","family":"Ayas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine \u0130stanbul University  \u0130stanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Amending Annexes II, III and V to Regulation (EC) no 1223\/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Cosmetic Products","volume":"23","author":"Comission Regulation (EU) 2019\/831 of May 22, 2019","year":"2019","journal-title":"Official Journal of the European Union"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14669"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12726"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0000000000000158"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13691"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14089"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency\u2010Regulatory and Supervisor Authority \u201cRegulation for the use of preservatives in cosmetic products \u201daccessed November 8 2025 https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2021\/09\/20210908M1\u20101.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency\u2010Regulatory and Supervisor Authority \u201cRegulation for the use of preservatives in cosmetic products \u201daccessed November 8 2025 https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2023\/05\/20230508M1\u20101.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12432"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555924447"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Kriterien zur Beurteilung der atopischen Hautdiathese","volume":"39","author":"Diepgen T. 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