{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T14:41:18Z","timestamp":1786113678488,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006286","name":"Kongelig Hofbuntmager Aage Bangs Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006286","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002784","name":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRC\u20102019\u201000425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC\u20102019\u201000425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002784","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002784","name":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRC\u20102024\u201000200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC\u20102024\u201000200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002784","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leather is a recognised source of contact allergy to chromium (Cr). Cobalt (Co) has also been identified as a potential leather\u2010related allergen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the presence and release of Cr and Co in used leather items available on the Danish secondhand market.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010four used consumer leather items with expected direct skin contact during normal use were purchased from secondhand shops in Greater Copenhagen, Denmark. Cr and Co were measured using handheld X\u2010ray fluorescence (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">XRF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ). Cr(\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) was measured according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 17\u2009075\u20101 following pre\u2010conditioning with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      10195. Extractable Co was analysed using\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      17072\u20101 and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cr(\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) was detected in 12\/34 (35.3%) items, with an average concentration of 1.77\u2009mg\/kg (range: 0.52\u20134.16). Co was detected in 7\/34 (20.6%) items, with an average concentration of 0.63\u2009mg\/kg (range: 0.33\u20131.44). Shoes accounted for most items with higher Cr(\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) concentrations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Used leather items may contain measurable levels of Cr(VI) and Co. Secondhand leather represents a relevant exposure scenario that should be considered in future exposure assessments and regulatory discussions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.70177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:05:14Z","timestamp":1777518314000},"page":"328-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chromium and Cobalt in Used Leather Items: A Danish Market Survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2442-5735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikkel Bak","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev and Gentofte Hospital  Herlev Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2989-9198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoffer Kursawe","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev and Gentofte Hospital  Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3216-7149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lichen Bruce","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2100-8864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas F.","family":"Hedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Surface Science Western Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2145-3650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda S.","family":"Hedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Surface Science Western Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5506-1319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claus","family":"Zachariae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev and Gentofte Hospital  Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3537-8463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanne Duus","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev and Gentofte Hospital  Herlev Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100536.2011.02053.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102133.2009.09405.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105\u20101873.2006.00802.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105\u20101873.2003.0230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"Opinion of the Committee for Risk Assessment and Opinion of the Committee for Socio\u2010Economic Analysis on an 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