{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T14:41:34Z","timestamp":1786113694206,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1,3\u2010Diphenylguanidine (DPG) is a known contact sensitiser and rubber vulcaniser.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective audit was performed including 2675 patients tested to 1% DPG in petrolatum between 2002 and 2024. The MOAHLFA index of those with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was compared to the remainder of the patch test clinic population. Temporal changes in the prevalence of contact allergy and ACD to DPG were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      50 (1.9%) patients had positive reactions to DPG on patch testing, with 31 (62% of positive reactions) diagnosed with ACD. In those with ACD, there was a significantly higher proportion of men (64.5% vs. 30.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), more occupational cases (41.9% vs. 17.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), more cases with hand dermatitis (64.5% vs. 33.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), more cases aged over 40\u2009years (71.0% vs. 53.2%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.048), and fewer cases with face dermatitis (9.7% vs. 25.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.043). The most common exposure sources were gloves and shoes, with the four most recent cases involving polyisoprene (PI) gloves. However, information regarding DPG in shoes was lacking, and some patients reacted to multiple haptens, making it unclear as to the primary culprit.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DPG causes occupational ACD in especially in healthcare workers (HCW), with recent cases involving exposure to PI gloves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.70178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T07:04:41Z","timestamp":1778223881000},"page":"318-327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Allergic Contact Dermatitis to 1,3\u2010Diphenylguanidine Over a 23\u2010Year Period: Recent Cases Involve Sterile Polyisoprene Gloves"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2857-0907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Brasher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin Health Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin Health Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2554-6918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemary L.","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin Health Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Environment and Climate Change Canada \u201cScreening Assessment for the Challenge Guanidine N N'\u2010Diphenyl\u2010 (Diphenylguanidine) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 102\u201006\u20107 Environment Canada Health Canada June 2013 \u201dEnvironment and Climate Change Canada 2010 accessed February 28 2026 https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/environment\u2010climate\u2010change\/services\/evaluating\u2010existing\u2010substances\/screening\u2010assessment\u2010forchallenge\u2010guanidine\u2010nn\u2010diphenyl\u2010diphenylguanidine\u2010chemical\u2010abstracts\u2010service\u2010registr.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"National Center for Biotechnology Information \u201cPubChem Compound Summary for CID 7594 1 3\u2010Diphenylguanidine \u201d2025 accessed September 13 2025 https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/7594."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u20100536.2003.480107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12651"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13269"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","unstructured":"Department of Health \u201cGuanidine N N'\u2010Diphenyl\u2010: Human Health Tier II Assessment \u201dDepartment of Health 2013 accessed February 28 2026 https:\/\/www.industrialchemicals.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/Guanidine%2C%20N%2CN%27\u2010diphenyl\u2010_Human%20health%20tier%20II%20assessment.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100536.2012.02054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/jrm.2024.057248"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/derm.2022.0102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12596"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100536.2009.01580.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1325376"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0365\u201005962011000500008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12860"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105\u20101873.2006.0729d.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13713"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","volume-title":"Fisher's Contact Dermatitis","author":"Fowler J. 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