{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:57:10Z","timestamp":1790643430370,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]],"date-time":"2013-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the relationship between obstructed defaecation syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content>) and rectoceles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>From <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2007 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>ovember 2011, all female patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content> were prospectively evaluated with full interview, clinical examination and anorectal physiology testing. The characteristics of patients with and without rectoceles were compared, and logistic regression was utilized to identify factors predictive of patients having a rectocele beyond the introitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 239 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content>, 90 (mean age: 52.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.7\u00a0years) had a rectocele. Patients with rectoceles (R+) had a similar prevalence of incomplete emptying compared with patients with no rectocele (R\u2212) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2265\u00a00.21), but only R+ patients reported splinting with defaecation (36.7% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 0%; <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.0001). Anorectal manometry measurements, including mean resting pressure, maximum resting pressure and maximum squeeze pressure, were similar between groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2265\u00a00.12). There were also no significant differences in rectal compliance (maximum tolerated volume) or rectal sensitivity (volume of first sensation) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2265\u00a00.65). R+ patients had greater difficulty expelling a 60 cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> balloon (70.1% R+ patients <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 57.5% R\u2212 patients; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.05), but the prevalence of pelvic floor dyssynergia, as quantified by nonrelaxation on electromyography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMG<\/jats:styled-content>) testing, was similar to that of R\u2212 patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.49). Logistic regression suggested that only difficulty with balloon expulsion was associated with higher odds of having a rectocele (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a03.00; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002), whereas mean resting pressure, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMG<\/jats:styled-content> nonrelaxation and symptoms of incomplete emptying were not (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2265\u00a00.12).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rectoceles are not associated with an increased severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010type symptoms, anorectal abnormalities or pelvic floor dyssynergia in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content>. This suggests that rectoceles may be the result, rather than the cause, of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]],"date-time":"2013-03-25T11:07:08Z","timestamp":1364209628000},"page":"993-999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Are rectoceles the cause or the result of obstructed defaecation syndrome? A prospective anorectal physiology study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"C. 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