{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:52:48Z","timestamp":1789707168247,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]],"date-time":"2013-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Passive postdefaecatory incontinence is poorly understood and yet is an important clinical problem. The aim of this study was to characterize the pathophysiology of postdefaecatory incontinence in patients affected by faecal soiling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010two patients (30 women, age range 49\u201379\u00a0years; 42 men, age range, 53\u201375\u00a0years) affected by faecal passive incontinence with faecal soiling were included in the study. Two patient groups were identified: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 1 comprised 42 patients with postdefaecatory incontinence and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 2 had 30 patients without incontinence after bowel movements. After a preliminary clinical evaluation, including the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>aecal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>ncontinence <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>everity <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>ndex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FISI<\/jats:styled-content>) score and the obstructed defaecation syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content>) score, all patients of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roups 1 and 2 were studied by means of endoanal ultrasound and anorectal manometry. The results were compared with those from 20 healthy control subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significantly higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content> score was found in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 1 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). Endoanal ultrasound revealed a significantly diffuse thinning of the internal anal sphincter (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content>) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 2 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.02) with a linear relationship between signs of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content> atrophy and the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FISI<\/jats:styled-content> score (\u03c1<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>0.78; <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.03). Anal resting pressure (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>) was significantly lower in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 2 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.04). The straining test was considered positive in 30 (71.4%) patients in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 1, significantly greater than in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 2 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.01). A significantly higher conscious rectal sensitivity threshold (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRST<\/jats:styled-content>) was found in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 1 patients (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ODS<\/jats:styled-content> score, a positive straining test and high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRST<\/jats:styled-content> values suggest that postdefaecatory incontinence is secondary to impaired defaecation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,9]],"date-time":"2013-04-09T12:53:18Z","timestamp":1365511998000},"page":"987-992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Faecal soiling: pathophysiology of postdefaecatory incontinence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Pucciani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02048034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.40387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298538"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02236199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i20.3168"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2011.02644.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2007.01262.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.6.818"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70243-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00418847"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"612","article-title":"Some parameters of large bowel motility in normal man","volume":"75","author":"Martelli H","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02235762"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.00947.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2012.18.4.373"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800751112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)09188-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00927.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e32834d2e8b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2010.02266.x"}],"container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcodi.12236","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/codi.12236","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T18:11:42Z","timestamp":1696356702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/codi.12236"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/codi.12236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/codi.12236","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-8910","1463-1318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8910","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-12-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-02-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-08-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}