{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T17:03:56Z","timestamp":1769360636804,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,14]],"date-time":"2014-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of various procedures for patients with fecal incontinence following failed sphincteroplasty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who underwent surgery for failed sphincteroplasty from January 2000 to June 2012 were identified. They were assessed using the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FIQ<\/jats:styled-content>oL) scale and the Cleveland Clinic Florida\u2010Wexner Fecal Incontinence Score (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCFFIS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010nine patients [97% females; median age 52 (25\u201381)\u00a0years] were identified. They underwent either repeat sphincteroplasty (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic> n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>33), artificial bowel sphincter (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABS<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic> n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>11) or sacral nerve stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic> n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>15). The median follow\u2010up was 31 (3\u2013138)\u00a0months. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content> group had a significantly wider external sphincter defect and had undergone fewer previous sphincteroplasties. The most common complication was infection. The incidence of complications was significantly higher after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABS<\/jats:styled-content> (73%) compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content> (24%) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content> (33%) (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.01). Seventeen (29%) patients required re\u2010operation for complications or failure, with a lower rate in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.004). There was no difference in the rates of device removal after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABS<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content>. Ten (17%) patients underwent further surgery or re\u2010implantation of the device with no difference between the groups. At follow\u2010up, five (45%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABS<\/jats:styled-content> and 10 (67%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content> patients retained a functioning device (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.4). The mean postoperative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCFFIS<\/jats:styled-content> decreased from 17.5 to 11.5 in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content> group, from 18.7 to 8.6 in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABS<\/jats:styled-content> group, and from 17.6 to 9.1 in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\u2264<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.02 for all). There were no differences in the improvement of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCFFIS<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FIQ<\/jats:styled-content>oL scores among groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> ABS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content> are associated with similar improvements in continence after failed sphincteroplasty. Due to increased complications and re\u2010operation with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> RS<\/jats:styled-content> may be the first step in managing these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,13]],"date-time":"2013-12-13T13:10:27Z","timestamp":1386940227000},"page":"298-303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["What is the best option for failed sphincter repair?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"K. D.","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. D.","family":"Wexner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"727\u221231","article-title":"Long\u2010term results of anterior sphincteroplasty","volume":"47","author":"Bravo Gutierrez A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)05218-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9009-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-864072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6260-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1999.00997.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-003-0112-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15999-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00754.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)85014-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199204000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91799-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181ceeb22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9326-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erd.09.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9001-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31823ac2bc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00292247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050307"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02237236"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2008.01484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199907000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02236557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181cf8ed0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318276b24c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2008.01673.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02234823"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e3182415406"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e318200f866"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365520903583855"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181defff8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02660763"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","first-page":"459","article-title":"Novel treatment of fecal incontinence with an injectable biocompatible tissue bulking agent","volume":"8","author":"Bernstein M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62297-0"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12719","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,21]],"date-time":"2015-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429574400000}}],"container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcodi.12525","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/codi.12525","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T10:31:08Z","timestamp":1695465068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/codi.12525"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,14]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/codi.12525"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/codi.12525","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/codi.12719","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1462-8910","1463-1318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8910","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-08-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-10-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-03-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}