{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T20:26:37Z","timestamp":1773865597540,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health Authorities of North Norway","award":["6916\/SFP1049-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6916\/SFP1049-12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>The purpose of this trial was to compare the effectiveness of sacral neuromodulation (SNM<\/jats:styled-content>) with a submucosal injection of collagen (Permacol\u00ae) in women with faecal incontinence following obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Method<\/jats:title>This single\u2010blinded randomized controlled trial at two hospital units in Norway included women with faecal incontinence following OASIS<\/jats:styled-content>. Eligible women who had had a successful percutaneous nerve evaluation were randomly assigned to SNM<\/jats:styled-content> or Permacol\u00ae. The primary outcome was the difference in the St Mark's incontinence score between baseline and 6\u00a0months. Secondary outcomes were changes in the disease\u2010specific quality of life (FIQL<\/jats:styled-content>) and urinary incontinence (ICIQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010UI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SF<\/jats:styled-content>) scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Fifty\u2010eight women were randomly assigned to SNM<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>30) and Permacol\u00ae (n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>28). The reduction in the St Mark's score between baseline and 6\u00a0months was 11.2 (SD<\/jats:styled-content> 5.3) in the SNM<\/jats:styled-content> group vs<\/jats:italic> 2.3 (SD<\/jats:styled-content> 5.0) in the Permacol\u00ae group, resulting in a difference of 8.9 (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 6.1\u201311.7, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001). The differences in the four scales of FIQL<\/jats:styled-content> (lifestyle, coping, depression, embarrassment) were 0.90 (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.50\u20131.30, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), 1.05 (0.62\u20131.47, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), 0.52 (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.16\u20130.87, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.005) and 0.95 (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.50\u20131.40, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), respectively, in favour of SNM<\/jats:styled-content>. The difference in the ICIQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010UI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SF<\/jats:styled-content> was 5.0 (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.97\u20138.02, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.002) in favour of SNM<\/jats:styled-content>. There were nine minor adverse events in the SNM<\/jats:styled-content> group compared with seven in the Permacol\u00ae group (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.77).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>SNM<\/jats:styled-content> was superior to Permacol\u00ae in terms of reduction of St Mark's score, ICIQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010UI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SF<\/jats:styled-content> and the change of the FIQL<\/jats:styled-content> in women with faecal incontinence following OASIS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.13632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,17]],"date-time":"2017-02-17T06:58:44Z","timestamp":1487314724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Sacral neuromodulation compared with injection of bulking agents for faecal incontinence following obstetric anal sphincter injury \u2013 a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Rydningen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Surgery University Hospital of North Norway Tromsoe Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Dehli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Surgery University Hospital of North Norway Tromsoe Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Wilsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine The Arctic University of Norway Tromsoe Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Rydning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Surgery St Olav\u2032s Hospital Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kumle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital of North Norway Tromsoe Norway"},{"name":"Narvik University College Narvik Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. 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