{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T12:09:18Z","timestamp":1777032558928,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content>) as a key proangiogenic factor and determine whether there is any correlation between its expression and clinical symptoms or endoscopic changes in patients with chronic radiation proctitis (Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty patients who had all undergone radiotherapy for prostate, cervical or uterine cancer were included in the study (37 women, 13 men). There was a control group of 20 patients (9 women, 11 men). The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group\/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTOG<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EORTC<\/jats:styled-content>) scoring system was used for grading the severity of the proctitis. Endoscopic scoring of late rectal mucosal damage was performed using Gilinsky's classification. Serum levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> were analysed by the enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most patients presented with Grade 1 symptoms. Endoscopic assessment showed that most patients had Grade 1 late rectal mucosal damage. The predominant endoscopic finding was the presence of telangiectasia. Assessment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> correlation between the control group and the degrees of endoscopic changes showed statistically significant differences for all three degrees (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0251 and <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0005, respectively). Due to the small numbers of patients with Grades 2 and 3 symptoms using the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTOG<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EORTC<\/jats:styled-content> scoring system, they were grouped with Grades 1 and 4 respectively forming two groups for statistical purposes. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> expression differed significantly between controls and group I and between controls and group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0009, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant increase in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> expression was found to correlate with clinical symptoms and endoscopic rectal mucosa changes in patients with Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content>, suggesting that it may play an important role in pathological angiogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.13902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,30]],"date-time":"2017-09-30T01:56:44Z","timestamp":1506736604000},"page":"321-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its correlation with clinical symptoms and endoscopic findings in patients with chronic radiation proctitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Trzcinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Colorectal Surgery Medical University of Lodz Lodz Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Dziki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General 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