{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:13:59Z","timestamp":1790518439785,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]],"date-time":"2020-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In addition to respiratory symptoms, COVID\u201019 can present with gastrointestinal complaints suggesting possible faeco\u2010oral transmission. The primary aim of this review was to establish the incidence and timing of positive faecal samples for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in patients with COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A systematic literature review identified studies describing COVID\u201019 patients tested for faecal virus. Search terms for MEDLINE included \u2018clinical\u2019, \u2018faeces\u2019, \u2018gastrointestinal secretions\u2019, \u2018stool\u2019, \u2018COVID\u201019\u2019, \u2018SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2019 and \u20182019\u2010nCoV\u2019. Additional searches were done in the\n                      <jats:italic>American Journal of Gastroenterology<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Gastroenterology<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Gut<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Lancet<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>Gastroenterology and Hepatology<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the World Health Organization Database, the Centre for Evidence\u2010Based Medicine,\n                      <jats:italic>New England Journal of Medicine<\/jats:italic>\n                      , social media and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, bioRxiv and medRxiv preprints. Data were extracted concerning the type of test, number and timing of positive samples, incidence of positive faecal tests after negative nasopharyngeal swabs and evidence of viable faecal virus or faeco\u2010oral transmission of the virus.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010six relevant articles were identified. Combining study results demonstrated that 53.9% of those tested for faecal RNA were positive. The duration of faecal viral shedding ranged from 1 to 33\u00a0days after a negative nasopharyngeal swab with one result remaining positive 47\u00a0days after onset of symptoms. There is insufficient evidence to suggest that COVID\u201019 is transmitted via faecally shed virus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a high rate of positive polymerase chain reaction tests with persistence of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in faecal samples of patients with COVID\u201019. Further research is needed to confirm if this virus is viable and the degree of transmission through the faeco\u2010oral route. This may have important implications on isolation, recommended precautions and protective equipment for interventional procedures involving the gastrointestinal tract.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.15138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,17]],"date-time":"2020-05-17T14:33:10Z","timestamp":1589725990000},"page":"611-620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Persistent viral shedding of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in faeces \u2013 a rapid review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Medicine Cardiff University School of Medicine Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Medicine Cardiff University School of Medicine Cardiff 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