{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:28:29Z","timestamp":1777588109995,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,30]],"date-time":"2020-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recto\u2010anal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) is currently measured using anorectal manometry catheters, which may distort the anal canal. Anal acoustic reflectometry (AAR) is considered a catheter\u2010free technique for evaluating the physiological function of the anal canal; however, it has yet to be used to elicit the RAIR. For the RAIR to be measured with AAR, the effect of placing an additional rectal balloon catheter on the measured AAR parameters needs to be investigated: that is the aim of this work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients aged over 18\u00a0years attending hospital for the investigation of pelvic floor disorders were included. AAR parameters were obtained before and after a rectal balloon catheter was placed alongside the AAR catheter. The following parameters were measured: opening pressure (Op, cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O), opening elastance (Oe, cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), closing pressure (Cp, cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O), closing elastance (Ce, cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), hysteresis (Hys, %), squeeze opening pressure (SqOp, cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) and squeeze opening elastance (SqOe, cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010five patients were included in the analysis, of whom 28 were women. The median age was 58\u00a0years. Comparison of median AAR parameters before and after catheter placement showed no significant difference: Op (36.36 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 33.42, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.09), Oe (1.27 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1.39, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.19), Cp (18.62 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 19.73, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.13), Ce (1.2 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1.28, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.33), Hys (41.08 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 40.11, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.17), SqOp (81.85 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 81.65, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.93) and SqOe (1.44 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1.49, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.55).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Placement of a rectal balloon catheter alongside the AAR catheter has no significant effect on the measured AAR parameters. The results of this study add to the fundamental basic science and understanding of the physiological function of the anal canal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.15300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T13:04:27Z","timestamp":1596891867000},"page":"1626-1631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Placement of a fine\u2010bore rectal balloon catheter in the anal canal does not affect anal sphincter pressures: improving our understanding of physiological function with anal acoustic reflectometry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1852-9426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. A.","family":"Heywood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. S.","family":"Kiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Klarskov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Herlev University Hospital Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. J.","family":"Telford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1977.43.3.523"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/26\/3\/011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2010.02194.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e31823b2499"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.8943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspl.1877.0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02238249"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02049153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24235"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/21681805.2013.776629"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318223fbcb"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1911568"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6722.439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.1.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2001.00245.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2006.00803.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.12.130.287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1540\/jsmr.34.173"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"G792","article-title":"Mechanical properties of isolated smooth muscle from human rectum and internal anal sphincter","volume":"265","author":"Glavind EB","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2008.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2009.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.218.3.r01mr26621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-8450-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.16.6.482"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296139"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1540\/jsmr1965.19.415"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.6.1.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2002.00352.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2010.02194.x"}],"container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcodi.15300","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/codi.15300","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/codi.15300","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/codi.15300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T19:16:30Z","timestamp":1692990990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/codi.15300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,30]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/codi.15300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/codi.15300","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-8910","1463-1318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8910","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}