{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T11:14:11Z","timestamp":1791803651354,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has become a standard surgical treatment for faecal incontinence (FI). Prior studies have reported various adverse events of SNM, including suboptimal therapeutic response, infection, pain, haematoma, and potential need for redo SNM. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with long\u2010term complications of SNM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort reviewed patients who underwent two\u2010stage SNM for FI at our institution between 2011\u20132021. Preoperative baseline characteristics and follow\u2010up were obtained from the medical record and\/or by telephone interview. Management and outcome of each postoperative event were evaluated by univariate and multivariate regression analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 291 patients (85.2% female) were included in this study. Postoperative complications were recorded in 219 (75.2%) patients and 154 (52.9%) patients required surgical intervention to treat complications. The most common postoperative event was loss of efficacy (46.4%). Other common adverse events were problems at the implant site (pain, infection, etc.) in 16.5% and pain during stimulation in 11.7%. Previous vaginal delivery (OR 2.74, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) and anal surgery (OR\u2009=\u20092.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039) were independent predictors for complications. Previous colorectal (OR\u2009=\u20092.04, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.026) and anal (OR\u2009=\u20091.98, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022) surgery and history of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (OR\u2009=\u20093.49, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) were independent predictors for loss of efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postoperative adverse events are frequently recorded after SNM. Loss of efficacy is the most common. Previous colorectal or anal surgery, vaginal delivery, and IBS are independent risk factors for complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.17092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T04:24:18Z","timestamp":1720844658000},"page":"1597-1607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Risk factors for complications following sacral neuromodulation for faecal incontinence: Long\u2010term follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8501-131X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Gefen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Strassmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felice De","family":"Stefano\u00a0Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoe","family":"Garoufalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nir","family":"Horesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Transplantation Sheba Medical Centre  Ramat\u2010Gan Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7854-5244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sameh Hany","family":"Emile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"},{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department Mansoura University Hospitals  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Da\u00a0Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8046-5753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven","family":"Wexner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10298"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i1.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(95)91799\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-66049-9_61"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.15507"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.scrs.2017.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9740"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2016.10.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004251"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(04)15999\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050307"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.244"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7302"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318276b24c"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181f1cf14"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.13570"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.0954"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.14406"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9326-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.14690"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151\u2010020\u201002231\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.14874"}],"container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/codi.17092","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T08:41:54Z","timestamp":1724143314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/codi.17092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/codi.17092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/codi.17092","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-8910","1463-1318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8910","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}