{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T18:54:58Z","timestamp":1770231298923,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n The accepted model for the pathogenesis of female urinary tract infection (UTI) is ascending infection with bowel flora from anus to urethra, though anal incontinence (AI) and obstructive defecation (ODS) have not previously been demonstrated to be risk factors for recurrent UTI (rUTI). This study aimed to use patient\u2010reported outcome (PROM) data to investigate the association between AI and ODS with self\u2010reported rUTI in women.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Method<\/jats:title>\n Data obtained from 7990 completed ePAQ\u2010Pelvic Floor PROMs at seven participating NHS hospitals between 2018 and 2022 were analysed. Essential inclusion criteria were completion of both the bowel dimension and item assessing self\u2010reported rUTI in consenting participants. Participants were divided into cases and controls based on self\u2010reported frequency of UTI. Mann\u2013Whitney, logistic regression and Spearman's rank analyses were performed to assess for associations between self\u2010reported rUTI with AI and ODS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n rUTI was reported by 931 women (11.7%). Significantly worse symptom scores for flatus incontinence (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) (OR 1.24), liquid AI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) (OR 1.38), solid AI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0031) (OR 1.24), passive faecal incontinence (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) (OR 1.40), use of pads for AI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) (OR 1.34), perineal splinting\/vaginal digitation (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) (OR 1.19) and anal digitation (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) (OR 1.30) were reported in participants with rUTI. Frequency of UTI weakly correlated with all AI and ODS symptoms (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.069\u20130.151,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n AI and ODS symptoms are significantly associated with increased rates of self\u2010reported rUTI in this study, supporting the theory that these conditions may contribute to the pathogenesis of rUTI in women. Whilst the aetiology of rUTI is multifactorial, AI and ODS are contributory risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.70336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T04:15:22Z","timestamp":1765340122000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is self\u2010reported recurrent urinary tract infection associated with anal incontinence and obstructive defecation? A multicentre case\u2010control study using electronic\n PROM<\/scp>\n data"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6942-0615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Norfolk & Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Norwich UK"},{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0481-6712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Bugeja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3980-7712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Radley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Sheffield UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7719-4366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Norfolk & Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Norwich UK"},{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"BonkatG BartolettiR Bruy\u00e8reF CaiT GeerlingsSE K\u00f6vesB.EAU Guidelines on Urological Infections.2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001328"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/SM2.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/NAU.25544"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0098\u20109134\u201019900501\u201007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610500537989"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192\u2010008\u20100655\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471\u20100528.2005.00820.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192\u2010008\u20100790\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192\u2010021\u201004810\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00192\u2010013\u20102132\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5230"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FRURO.2023.1206046\/BIBTEX"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05852\u201011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102180\u201011\u2010244"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","unstructured":"Scenario: Recurrent UTI (no haematuria not pregnant or catheterized) | Management | Urinary tract infection (lower) \u2010 women | CKS | NICE. [cited 2025 Nov 11]. Available from:https:\/\/cks.nice.org.uk\/topics\/urinary\u2010tract\u2010infection\u2010lower\u2010women\/management\/recurrent\u2010uti\u2010no\u2010haematuria\u2010not\u2010pregnant\u2010or\u2010catheterized\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00339\u201008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI158497"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022\u20101317\u201050\u20107\u2010650\/CITE\/REFWORKS"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315827"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/CID\/CIAE653"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/DIAGNOSTICS11010007"}],"container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/codi.70336","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/codi.70336","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/codi.70336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T16:19:01Z","timestamp":1769876341000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/codi.70336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/codi.70336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/codi.70336","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-8910","1463-1318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8910","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70336"}}