{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:46:02Z","timestamp":1772999162698,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colorectal Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Colonoscopy effectiveness in detecting colorectal carcinoma depends on adequate bowel preparation (ABP). This network meta\u2010analysis assesses the efficacy and safety of various bowel preparation regimens in patients with constipation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Cochrane Central and ScienceDirect were searched till April 2025. A frequentist network meta\u2010analysis was performed using the \u2018meta\u2019 and \u2018netmeta\u2019 packages on R version 4.3.3. The ranking was done using P\u2010scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen randomised controlled trials were included. Compared with 4\u2009L polyethylene glycol (PEG), 3\u2009L PEG\u2009+\u20093d\u2010linaclotide (Lin) (risk ratio [RR]\u2009=\u20091.29; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: [1.12, 1.47]), 4\u2009L PEG\u2009+\u20091d\u2010Lin (RR\u2009=\u20091.25; 95% CI: [1.04, 1.51]), sodium phosphate (NaP)\u2009+\u2009bisacodyl (RR\u2009=\u20091.52; 95% CI: [1.09, 2.10]), probiotic 14d\u2009+\u2009NaP (RR\u2009=\u20093.59; 95% CI: [1.83, 7.04]) may show improvements in the rate of ABP. The probiotic 14d\u2009+\u2009NaP regimen was ranked best regarding ABP (P\u2010score\u2009=\u20090.99) and bloating (P\u2010score\u2009=\u20090.84). The 3\u2009L PEG\u2009+\u20093d\u2010Lin showed a reduction (RR\u2009=\u20090.18; 95% CI: [0.04, 0.88]) in abdominal pain and was ranked best regarding abdominal pain (P\u2010score\u2009=\u20090.89) and vomiting (P\u2010score\u2009=\u20090.80). The 4\u2009L PEG\u2009+\u20091d\u2010Lin was ranked best (P\u2010score\u2009=\u20090.77) in terms of nausea.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 14d\u2010probiotics\u2009+\u2009NaP and 3\u2009L PEG\u2009+\u20093d\u2010Lin may be among the more effective and tolerable bowel preparation regimens. While adverse events were similar, the observed reduction in abdominal pain with 3\u2009L PEG\u2009+\u20093d\u2010Lin may suggest improved patient comfort and adherence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.70399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T08:49:58Z","timestamp":1770972598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing various bowel preparation regimens in constipated patients undergoing colonoscopy: A systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis of randomised controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8990-7738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zain ul","family":"Abideen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Edward Medical University  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Hassan","family":"Waseem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Areeba","family":"Shoaib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dow University of Health Sciences  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noor\u2010ul\u2010Huda","family":"Ramzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UT Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Tayyab Amer","family":"Ch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rashid Latif Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2085-8739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawan Kumar","family":"Thada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sotang Primary Hospital  Solukhumbu Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prasun Kumar","family":"Jalal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0959-0505"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04326.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16734"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.70186"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2024.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003082"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129689-200008000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","first-page":"1634","article-title":"Analysis of the effects of prokinetic drug combined with probiotics of bowel preparation before colonoscopy in patients with constipation","volume":"32","author":"Tian X","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin J Hosp Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Triple\u2010dose vs. split\u2010dose PEG\u2010ELS bowel preparation before colonoscopy in constipated patients: a prospective, endoscopist\u2010blinded, randomized controlled trial","volume":"102","author":"Chancharoen A","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-43598-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-1011-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171563"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000351"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2015.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i31.5103"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_21_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"The bowel cleansing for colonoscopy. 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