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Cardiac autonomic dysfunction seems to be related to the genesis of several <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>s and is also linked to the increased risk of mortality in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content> patients. The quantification of heart rate decrement after exercise \u2013 known as heart rate recovery (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>) \u2013 is a simple tool for assessing cardiac autonomic activity in healthy and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Furthermore, since The Cleveland Clinic studies, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content> has also been used as a powerful index for predicting mortality. For these reasons, in recent years, the scientific community has been interested in proposing methods and protocols to investigate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content> and understand its underlying mechanisms. The aim of this review is to discuss current knowledge about <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>, including its potential primary and secondary physiological determinants, as well as its role in predicting mortality. Published data show that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content> can be modelled by an exponential curve, with a fast and a slow decay component. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content> may be influenced by population and exercise characteristics. The fast component mainly seems to be dictated by the cardiac parasympathetic reactivation, probably promoted by the deactivation of central command and mechanoreflex inputs immediately after exercise cessation. On the other hand, the slow phase of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content> may be determined by cardiac sympathetic withdrawal, possibly via the deactivation of metaboreflex and thermoregulatory mechanisms. All these pathways seem to be impaired in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>, helping to explain the slower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content> in such patients and the increased rate of mortality in individuals who present a slower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]],"date-time":"2013-11-18T01:30:09Z","timestamp":1384738209000},"page":"327-339","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":212,"title":["Heart rate recovery: autonomic determinants, methods of assessment and association with mortality and cardiovascular diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Tiago","family":"Pe\u00e7anha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory School of Physical Education and Sport University of Sao Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo 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