{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:33:27Z","timestamp":1790807607215,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Physio Funct Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Frontal lobe oxygenation (S<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) is assessed by spatially resolved near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIRS<\/jats:styled-content>) although it seems influenced by extra\u2010cerebral oxygenation. We aimed to quantify the impact of extra\u2010cerebral oxygenation on two <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIRS<\/jats:styled-content> derived S<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple regression analysis estimated the influence of extra\u2010cerebral oxygenation as exemplified by skin oxygenation (S<jats:sub>skin<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) on S<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in 21 healthy subjects exposed to whole\u2010body exercise in hypoxia (F<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a012%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010) and normoxia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012), whole\u2010body heating, hyperventilation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a021), administration of norepinephrine with and without petCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010correction (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015), phenylephrine and head\u2010up tilt (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a07). S<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was assessed simultaneously by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIRO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010200<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NX<\/jats:styled-content> (S<jats:sub>niro<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INVOS<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104100 (S<jats:sub>invos<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). Arterial (S<jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and jugular bulb oxygen saturations (S<jats:sub>j<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) were obtained.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The regression analysis indicated that S<jats:sub>invos<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> reflects 46% arterial, 14% jugular, 35% skin and 4% oxygenation of tissues not interrogated. S<jats:sub>invos<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> follows a calculated estimate of cerebral capillary oxygenation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b767; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b70001). In contrast, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIRO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010200<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NX<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010determined S<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> did not correlate with the estimate of cerebral oxygenation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7026; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b771).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>For all interventions, 35% of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INVOS<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104100 signal reflected extra\u2010cerebral oxygenation while, on the other hand, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIRO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010200<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NX<\/jats:styled-content> did not follow changes in a calculated estimate of cerebral capillary oxygenation. Thus, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIRO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010200<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NX<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INVOS<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104100 do not provide for unbiased evaluation of the cerebral signal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T07:45:13Z","timestamp":1394610313000},"page":"177-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Extra\u2010cerebral oxygenation influence on near\u2010infrared\u2010spectroscopy\u2010determined frontal lobe oxygenation in healthy volunteers: a comparison between <scp>INVOS<\/scp>\u20104100 and <scp>NIRO<\/scp>\u2010200<scp>NX<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Henrik","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Z\u00fcrich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology University of Z\u00fcrich Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Siebenmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Z\u00fcrich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology University of Z\u00fcrich Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Zaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Hvidtfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigehiko","family":"Ogoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Toyo University Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Physical Fitness Japan Women's College of Physical Education Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Kohl\u2010Bareis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RheinAhrCampus Remagen University of Applied Sciences Koblenz Remagen 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