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However, no <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> data are available for older males nor have ageing effects been studied despite known shifts in water state and other skin age\u2010related changes. Thus our goals were to (i) characterize <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> values at various skin depths in young and older males, (ii) determine the dependence of these values on body composition parameters and (iii) establish inter\u2010arm <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> ratios for use as normal male reference values. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> measurements were made to depths of 0\u00b75, 1\u00b75, 2\u00b75 and 5\u00b70\u00a0mm bilaterally on volar forearm skin in 60 males in three groups of 20 that had mean ages\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> of 24\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b79, 40\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012\u00b79 and 71\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08\u00b70\u00a0years. Total body fat and water percentages were determined via bioimpedance at 50 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KH<\/jats:styled-content>z. Results showed that (i) for all age groups <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> values decreased with increasing depth, (ii) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> values were not statistically different among age groups except at a depth of 0\u00b75\u00a0mm, (iii) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> values were highly negatively correlated with total body fat and (iv) inter\u2010arm ratios varied little among age groups and depths. It is concluded that (i) age\u2010related larger <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDC<\/jats:styled-content> values at only the shallowest depth is consistent with skin water shifting state from bound to more mobile in the oldest group and (ii) inter\u2010arm ratios at any depth provide a basis to test for unilateral oedema.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]],"date-time":"2015-08-17T10:15:23Z","timestamp":1439806523000},"page":"198-204","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Age\u2010related changes in male forearm skin\u2010to\u2010fat tissue dielectric constant at 300 <scp>MH<\/scp>z"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Harvey N.","family":"Mayrovitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical Sciences Nova Southeastern University Ft. 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