{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T21:00:13Z","timestamp":1740171613054,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,2]],"date-time":"2017-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008252","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Udine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Physio Funct Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The automatic metabolic units calculate breath\u2010by\u2010breath gas exchange from the expiratory data only, applying an algorithm (\u2018expiration\u2010only\u2019 algorithm) that neglects the changes in the lung gas stores. These last are theoretically taken into account by a recently proposed algorithm, based on an alternative view of the respiratory cycle (\u2018alternative respiratory cycle\u2019 algorithm). The performance of the two algorithms was investigated where changes in the lung gas stores were induced by abrupt increases in ventilation above the physiological demand. Oxygen, carbon dioxide fractions and ventilatory flow were recorded at the mouth in 15 healthy subjects during quiet breathing and during 20\u2010s hyperventilation manoeuvres performed at 5\u2010min intervals in resting conditions. Oxygen uptakes and carbon dioxide exhalations were calculated throughout the acquisition periods by the two algorithms. Average ventilation amounted to 6\u00b71\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00b74\u00a0l\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> during quiet breathing and increased to 41\u00b78\u00a0\u00b1\u00a027\u00b72\u00a0l\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> during the manoeuvres (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b701). During quiet breathing, the two algorithms provided overlapping gas exchange data and noise. Conversely, during hyperventilation<jats:styled-content>,<\/jats:styled-content> the \u2018alternative respiratory cycle\u2019 algorithm provided significantly lower gas exchange data as compared to the values yielded by the \u2018expiration\u2010only\u2019 algorithm. For the first breath of hyperventilation, the average values provided by the two algorithms amounted to 0\u00b737\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b734\u00a0l\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> versus 0\u00b796\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b773\u00a0l\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> uptake and 0\u00b745\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b736\u00a0l\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> versus 0\u00b780\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b758\u00a0l\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for exhaled CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b7001 for both). When abrupt increases in ventilation occurred, such as those arising from a deep breath, the \u2018alternative respiratory cycle\u2019 algorithm was able to halve the artefactual gas exchange values as compared to the \u2018expiration\u2010only\u2019 approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,2]],"date-time":"2017-06-02T12:06:51Z","timestamp":1496405211000},"page":"491-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Calculation algorithms alter the breath\u2010by\u2010breath gas exchange values when abrupt changes in ventilation occur"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Cettolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Udine Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7892-863X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Francescato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Udine Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.72.5.1810"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01198.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1966.21.3.810"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3181e52e69"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1981.51.6.1662"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.82.6.1963"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240000429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"331","article-title":"Algorithms, modelling and VO2 kinetics","volume":"111","author":"Capelli C","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-002-0671-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-005-0038-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-015-3169-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.285965"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00433387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1989.sp017731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-830506"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"1936","article-title":"A model evaluation of estimates of breath\u2010to\u2010breath alveolar gas exchange","volume":"55","author":"Swanson G","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Breath\u2010by\u2010breath variation of FRC: effect on VO2 and VCO2 measured at the mouth","volume":"46","author":"Wessel H","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.06.002"}],"container-title":["Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcpf.12444","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cpf.12444","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T16:02:26Z","timestamp":1695571346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cpf.12444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,2]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cpf.12444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cpf.12444","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-0961","1475-097X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1475-0961"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1475-097X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,2]]}}}