{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T21:10:19Z","timestamp":1760044219349,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]],"date-time":"2017-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Physio Funct Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET<\/jats:styled-content>) is the \u2018gold standard\u2019 method of determining VO2peak<\/jats:sub>. When CPET<\/jats:styled-content> is unavailable, VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> may be estimated from treadmill or cycle ergometer workloads and expressed as estimated metabolic equivalents (MET<\/jats:styled-content>s). Cardiac rehabilitation (CR<\/jats:styled-content>) programmes use estimated VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> (MET<\/jats:styled-content>s) to report changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF<\/jats:styled-content>). However, the accuracy of determining changes in VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> based on estimated functional capacity is not known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A total of 27 patients with coronary heart disease (88\u00b79% male; age 59\u00b75\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010\u00b70\u00a0years, body mass index 29\u00b76\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03\u00b78\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122<\/jats:sup>) performed maximal CPET<\/jats:styled-content> before and after an exercise\u2010based CR<\/jats:styled-content> intervention. VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> was directly determined using ventilatory gas exchange data and was also estimated using the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM<\/jats:styled-content>) leg cycling equation. Agreement between changes in directly determined VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> and estimated VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> was evaluated using Bland\u2013Altman limits of agreement (LoA) and intraclass correlation coefficients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Directly determined VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> did not increase following CR<\/jats:styled-content> (0\u00b75\u00a0ml\u00a0kg\u22121<\/jats:sup> min\u22121<\/jats:sup> (2\u00b77%); P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7332). Estimated VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> increased significantly (0\u00b74 MET<\/jats:styled-content>s; 1\u00b74\u00a0ml\u00a0kg\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0min\u22121<\/jats:sup>; 6\u00b77%; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7006). The mean bias for estimated VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> versus directly determined VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> was 0\u00b77\u00a0ml\u00a0kg\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0min\u22121<\/jats:sup> (LoA \u22124\u00b77 to 5\u00b79\u00a0ml\u00a0<\/jats:sup>kg\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0min\u22121<\/jats:sup>). Aerobic efficiency (\u0394VO<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:sub>\/\u0394WR<\/jats:styled-content> slope) was significantly associated with estimated VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> measurement error.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Change in estimated VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> derived from the ACSM<\/jats:styled-content> leg cycling equation\u00a0is not an accurate surrogate for directly determined changes in VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub>. Our findings show poor agreement between estimates of VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> and directly determined VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub>. Applying estimates of VO<\/jats:styled-content>2peak<\/jats:sub> to determine CRF<\/jats:styled-content> change may over\u2010estimate the efficacy of CR<\/jats:styled-content> and lead to a different interpretation of study findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]],"date-time":"2017-08-31T11:35:59Z","timestamp":1504179359000},"page":"681-688","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0377-6982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Nichols","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences Sport and Exercise Science School of Biomedical Science Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. O.","family":"Gleadall\u2010Siddall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Health and Exercise Science University of Hull Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX Cottingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Antony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Cardiology Castle Hill Hospital Cottingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. L.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Cardiology Castle Hill Hospital Cottingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. G. F.","family":"Cleland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London National Heart and Lung Institute London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Health and Exercise Science University of Hull Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX Cottingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Ingle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Health and Exercise Science University of Hull Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX Cottingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Standards for Physical Activity and Exercise in the Cardiovascular Population","year":"2015","author":"ACPICR","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1"},{"volume-title":"ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription","year":"2013","author":"ACSM","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1"},{"unstructured":"American Thoracic Society\/American College of Chest Physicians 2003 211","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.044"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199826040-00002"},{"volume-title":"Standards and Core Components for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation","year":"2012","author":"BACPR","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.6.2020"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(03)00210-0"},{"volume-title":"Essentials of Research Methods in Health, Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Recreation","year":"2008","author":"Berg KE","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800204"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198205000-00012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000192741.04103.d3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.940577"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0521-1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00023.2004"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-301728"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","DOI":"10.1161\/hc3901.095960"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03350100021023","article-title":"A randomized trial of exercise training in patients with coronary heart disease","volume":"252","author":"Froelicher V","year":"1984","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Anaerobic threshold: its concept and role in endurance sport","volume":"11","author":"Ghosh AK","year":"2004","journal-title":"Malays J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"CD001800","article-title":"Exercise\u2010based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease","volume":"7","author":"Heran BS","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015161"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000024413.15949.ED"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e32832914c8"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487312460484"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80693-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(10)80144-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0b013e318211e3ed"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00943.2011"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2010.12.001"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000461"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(98)70350-3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht309.P3382"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.79.2.324"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","DOI":"10.1097\/00149831-200606000-00012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011125"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487315604311"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80287-2"},{"volume-title":"Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation: Including Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications","year":"2011","author":"Wasserman K","key":"e_1_2_7_39_1"}],"container-title":["Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcpf.12468","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cpf.12468","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T22:17:32Z","timestamp":1695507452000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cpf.12468"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cpf.12468"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cpf.12468","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-0961","1475-097X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1475-0961"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1475-097X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]]}}}