{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:17:30Z","timestamp":1761581850160,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Physio Funct Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Accumulation of activated neutrophilic leucocytes is known to increase uptake of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010fluorodeoxyglucose (<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>) into lung tissue. Available evidence suggests that smokers and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>) have neutrophilic inflammation in peripheral airways. The aim of this study was to examine whether current smokers have higher lung tissue uptake of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content> than never\u2010smokers when correcting for air fraction of the lungs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively recruited 33 current smokers and 33 never\u2010smokers among subjects referred for diagnosis or staging of cancer, other than lung cancer, with combined positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PET<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>) with <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>. Subjects with focal <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content> uptake or focal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> abnormalities in the lungs were excluded. The lungs were segmented in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> image, and lung density measured. <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content> uptake was measured in the corresponding volume and corrected for air fraction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung uptake of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>, corrected for air fraction, was 12\u00b75 and 8 per cent higher in the right and left lungs, respectively, in current smokers than in never\u2010smokers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b705).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusion Abnormal lung tissue uptake of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content> may be masked by reduced lung density if the uptake is not related to air fraction. Increased uptake of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content> in lung tissue in current smokers relative to never\u2010smokers may reflect inflammation in peripheral airways. Measurements of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content> uptake in the lung tissue may be useful for animal and human studies of airways disease in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content> and the relation between airway and systemic inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,6]],"date-time":"2019-07-06T11:47:47Z","timestamp":1562413667000},"page":"393-398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Measurement of airway inflammation in current smokers by positron emission tomography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1483-3834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Garpered","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Unit Department of Translational Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Minarik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Physics Skane University Hospital Malm\u00f6 Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Skane University Hospital Malm\u00f6 Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Valind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Unit Department of Translational Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Edenbrandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska Hospital Nuclear Medicine Unit University Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Wollmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Unit Department of Translational Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00128008"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00947964"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"703","article-title":"Worldwide burden of COPD in high\u2010 and low\u2010income countries. 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