{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T21:49:13Z","timestamp":1781819353656,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]],"date-time":"2019-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-04-01332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-04-01332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-32-00901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-32-00901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-015-00306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-015-00306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005187","name":"U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Proliferation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The conversion of tissue engineering into a routine clinical tool cannot be achieved without a deep understanding of the interaction between cells and scaffolds during the process of tissue formation in an artificial environment. Here, we have investigated the cultivation conditions and structural features of the biodegradable non\u2010woven material in order to obtain a well\u2010differentiated human airway epithelium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The bilayered scaffold was fabricated by electrospinning technology. The efficiency of the scaffold has been evaluated using MTT cell proliferation assay, histology, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the use of a copolymer of chitosan\u2010gelatin\u2010poly\u2010<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010lactide, a bilayered non\u2010woven scaffold was generated and characterized. The optimal structural parameters of both layers for cell proliferation and differentiation were determined. The basal airway epithelial cells differentiated into ciliary and goblet cells and formed pseudostratified epithelial layer on the surface of the scaffold. In addition, keratinocytes formed a skin equivalent when seeded on the same scaffold. A comparative analysis of growth and differentiation for both types of epithelium was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The structural parameters of nanofibres should be selected experimentally depending on polymer composition. The major challenges on the way to obtain the well\u2010differentiated equivalent of respiratory epithelium on non\u2010woven scaffold include the following: the balance between scaffold permeability and thickness, proper combination of synthetic and natural components, and culture conditions sufficient for co\u2010culturing of airway epithelial cells and fibroblasts. For generation of skin equivalent, the lack of diffusion is not so critical as for pseudostratified airway epithelium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T05:31:32Z","timestamp":1553232692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Non\u2010woven bilayered biodegradable chitosan\u2010gelatin\u2010polylactide scaffold for bioengineering of tracheal epithelium"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Olga A.","family":"Romanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kurchatov Complex of NBICS Technologies NRC Kurchatov Institute Moscow Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timur H.","family":"Tenchurin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kurchatov Complex of NBICS Technologies NRC Kurchatov Institute Moscow Russian 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