{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:09:32Z","timestamp":1790143772367,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Proliferation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9\u00a0syndrome (GBS) results from autoimmune attack on the peripheral nerves, causing sensory, motor and autonomic abnormalities. Emerging evidence suggests that there might be an association between COVID\u201019 and GBS. Nevertheless, the underlying pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed bioinformatic analyses to delineate the potential genetic crosstalk between COVID\u201019 and GBS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>COVID\u201019 and GBS were associated with a similar subset of immune\/inflammation regulatory genes, including <jats:italic>TNF<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CSF2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL2RA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>. Protein\u2010protein interaction network analysis revealed that the combined gene set showed an increased connectivity as compared to COVID\u201019 or GBS alone, particularly the potentiated interactions with <jats:italic>CD86<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL23A<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL27<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ISG20<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PTGS2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DRB1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DQB1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ITGAM<\/jats:italic>, and these genes are related to Th17 cell differentiation. Transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with COVID\u201019 and GBS further demonstrated the activation of interleukin\u201017 signalling in both conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Augmented Th17 cell differentiation and cytokine response was identified in both COVID\u201019 and GBS. PBMC transcriptome analysis also suggested the pivotal involvement of Th17 signalling pathway. In conclusion, our data suggested aberrant Th17 cell differentiation as a possible mechanism by which COVID\u201019 can increase the risk of GBS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T08:38:09Z","timestamp":1615365489000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Bioinformatic analyses hinted at augmented T helper 17 cell differentiation and cytokine response as the central mechanism of COVID\u201019\u2013associated Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6024-0194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CUHK\u2010Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Fourth Clinical College of Peking University Jishuitan Orthopaedic College of Tsinghua University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Center for Osteonecrosis and Joint Preserving &amp; Reconstruction China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5449-6740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianxiong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1737-9796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shugang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Peter Hung Pain Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease LKS Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunny H.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease LKS Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T. V.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Peter Hung Pain Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William Ka Kei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CUHK\u2010Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Peter Hung Pain Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease LKS Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14511"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol\u20102020\u2010055933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176287"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1339"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590\u2010020\u20100762\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2020.100137"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102020\u2010324491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010020\u201004693\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010020\u201010124\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2020.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/icu.0000000000000611"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.8983"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010020\u201010034\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2020.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010019\u201004156\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1775459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131730"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8040482"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/740947"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/758639"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15987.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2009191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102020\u2010324837"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045\u2010020\u201000954\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u2010065X.2008.00628.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2018.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201017292\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577\u2010020\u20100369\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilt054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2011.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2018.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010018\u20101095\u20107"}],"container-title":["Cell Proliferation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cpr.13024","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cpr.13024","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cpr.13024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T20:39:39Z","timestamp":1692477579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cpr.13024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cpr.13024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cpr.13024","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7722","1365-2184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7722","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2184","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13024"}}